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Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology

Formulation
Routes of Administration
Bioavailability
Rate of Absorption
Number of Compartments for Drug Distribution
Volume of Distribution (Vd)
Extent of Protein Binding
Elimination and Clearance (Cl)
Elimination Rate Constant (k)
Rate of Elimination
Half-Life
Mean Residence Time
Area Under the Curve (AUC)
Introduction to First Order Kinetics
First Order Kinetics: Amount of Drug in the Body at a Given Time
First Order Kinetics: Plasma Drug Concentration
First Order Kinetics: Drug Half-Life and Fraction Remaining
Calculating a Drug’s Half-Life in a One Compartment Model
Estimation of the Initial Drug Concentration in the Two Compartment Model
Zero Order Kinetics
Accumulation and Steady State
Loading Dose
Maintenance Dose and the Dosage Interval
Therapeutic Index
Plasma Drug Level Monitoring
Guidelines of Rowland and Tozer for Planning a Multiple Dose Regimen
Loading and Maintenance Doses for an Oral Drug
Dosing Interval for an Oral Drug
Maximum Steady State Concentration for an Oral Drug
Minimum Steady State Concentration for an Oral Drug
Average Steady State Concentration for an Oral Drug
Amount of Drug in the Body After the Nth Dose of an Oral Drug
Plasma Drug Concentration for a Bolus Infusion Regimen
Loading and Maintenance Doses for a Bolus Infusion Regimen
Dosing Interval for a Bolus Infusion Regimen
Maximum Steady State Concentration After Bolus Infusions
Minimum Steady State Concentration After Bolus Infusions
Average Steady State Concentration After Bolus Infusions
Plasma Drug Concentration During an Intermittent Infusion
Maximum Steady State Concentration During an Intermittent Infusion
Minimum Steady State Concentration During an Intermittent Infusion
Plasma Drug Concentration During a Continuous Infusion
Infusion Rate and Steady State Concentration for a Continuous Infusion
Plasma Drug Concentration After Starting a Continuous Infusion Without a Bolus Dose
Plasma Drug Concentration After Starting a Continuous Infusion With a Bolus Dose
Number of Half-Lives Required for a Drug to Reach a Given Plasma Concentration During a Continuous Infusion Following a Bolus Dose
Calculating the Estimated Drug Clearance and Maintenance Dose in Renal Insufficiency
Maintenance Dosage Fraction Based on the Fractional Rate Constant
Adjusting a Constant Infusion in Renal Insufficiency
Determining the Maintenance Dose of an Oral Drug Needed to Achieve a Steady State Concentration in a Patient in Renal Failure
Features of a Drug Likely to Be Removed During Renal Dialysis
Pregabalin Dose Adjustment for a Patient with Impaired Renal Function
Adjusting the Dose of Allopurinol for Renal Function
Estimated Salicylate Serum Levels
Acetaminophen Serum Levels (Rumach-Matthew Nomogram)
Ibuprofen Serum Levels in Overdosage
Monitoring a Patient on Chronic Aspirin Therapy
Pseudosepsis Syndrome in Salicylate Intoxication
Clinical Features of Salicylate Intoxication in a Neonate
When to Suspect Salicylate Intoxication in an Elderly Patient
Risk Factors of Alander et al for Hepatocellular Injury in a Pediatric Acetaminophen Overdose
Nomogram of Sivilotti et al for Predicting Hepatotoxicity Following Acetaminophen Poisoning
Risk Factors for Severe Hepatotoxicity in a Patient with Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) Poisoning
Treatment Line for a Patient at Increased Risk for Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) Toxicity
Recommendations of Anderson et al for a Young Child Who Has Taken an Overdose of Acetaminophen Elixir
Amount of Acetaminophen Consumed Daily By a Person Abusing an Over-the-Counter (OTC) or Prescription Medication
Calculating the Exposure to Acetaminophen for a Child Given the Concentrated Infant Formula Rather Than the Children's Formula
Respiratory Depression Associated with Opioid Analgesia
Sedation Associated with Opioid Analgesia
Delirium Associated with Opioid Analgesia
Genitourinary Problems in Men Associated with Opioid Analgesia
Using Naloxone to Reverse Adverse Effects of an Opioid Analgesic
Itching (Pruritus) Associated with Opioid Analgesia
Clinical Findings of Opioid Toxicity in a Patient Being Treated for Pain
Risk Factors for Opioid Toxicity in a Patient Being Treated for Pain
Pulmonary Syndromes Complicating Salicylate Therapy
Calculating Total Daily Dose by Body Weight
Calculating Total Daily Dose by Height
Calculating Total Daily Pediatric Dose by Body Surface Area
Calculating Total Daily Dose by Age
Age Adjustment for Maintenance Dose
Calculating Dose Given by Body Weight or BSA
Determining Drip Rate for Drug Infusion Using Microtubing
Determining the Infusion Rate of Intravenous Solutions in Drops per Minute
Preventing Adverse Events Associated with the Use of an Infusion Pump
Prevention of Tampering with a Narcotic Infusion Pump
Ethanol Intoxication
Estimated Blood Ethanol Level from Body Weight and Number of Drinks
Blood Ethanol Levels and the Diagnosis of Alcohol Abuse
Urine Ethanol Levels
Blood Alcohol Estimation from Osmolal Gap
The AUDIT Clinical Procedure to Evaluate Patients for Harmful Effects of Alcohol Use
The Alcohol Symptom Checklist of Teplin and Lutz
Measurement of Breath Alcohol
Disulfiram-Like Reaction to Alcohol Ingestion (Antabuse Reaction, Acetaldehyde Syndrome
Equation of Vogel et al for Evaluating Ethanol Intoxication in Children
Alcohol-Induced Hangover Symptoms of Pittler et al
Alcohol-Induced Hangover Symptom Survey of Wiese et al
Criteria of Wiese et al for Alcohol-Induced Hangover
Predicting the Likelihood of a Hangover Based on the Amount and Type of Alcohol Intake
Estimation of a Person's Alcohol Intake Over Several Years
Evaluating a Fatal Ethanol Overdose Using Widmark's Equation and the Ethanol Concentration in Blood and Urine
Fatal Flaws in an Alcohol Screening Test Performed As a Department of Transportation (DOT) Regulated Test
Fatal Flaws in an Alcohol Confirmatory Test Performed As a Department of Transportation (DOT) Regulated Test
Clinical Findings of Alcohol Intoxication in a Young Child
Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus Sobriety Test of Good and Augsburger
Walk and Turn Test for Estimating Sobriety
Combining Results of the Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus and the Walk and Turn Tests
One Leg Stand Test for Field Sobriety Testing
Reciting the Alphabet in Field Sobriety Testing
Finger-to-Nose Test in Field Sobriety Testing
Ratio of Urinary 5-Hydroxytryptophol to 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid (5-HTOL to 5-HIAA Ratio) to Determine Ethanol Ingestion or Postmortem Ethanol Production
Findings Suggesting In Vitro Ethanol Production in Blood, Tissue or Urine
Complications Associated with Ingestion of Pruno (Prison Wine)
Complications Associated with Ingestion of Moonshine
Beer or Cider Potomania
Method of Forrest for Estimating Widmark's Factor in a Patient
Equation of Wagner et al for Estimating the Amount of Alcohol Ingested from a Single Blood Alcohol Concentration
Risk Factors for Lead or Iron Poisoning Associated with Homemade Alcohol (Including Sapa of Ancient Rome)
Handling of a Patient with "Shy Lung" During Alcohol Breath Testing
Adverse Effects Associated with Ingesting a "Substitute" Alcohol
Specimen Collection for Urine Drug Testing
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) Definitions for Validity of a Urine Specimen
Urine Excretion of Benzoylecgonine Following Cocaine Use
Identification of Heroin Use With Hair Analysis
Duration of Detectability of Drugs of Abuse in the Urine
6-Acetylmorphine and the Ratio of Morphine to Codeine in the Evaluation of a Patient for Heroin Use
Significance of a Negative Urine Drug Screen for Opiates in a Person with a Prescription for Narcotic Analgesics
Evaluation of Urinary Opiate Levels After Ingestion of a Poppy Seed Product
Handling the Patient Unable to Provide Sufficient Urine for Testing (Shy Bladder Syndrome)
Requirements for a Collector of Urine Specimens Submitted for DOT Drug Testing
Fatal Flaws in Urine Drug Testing
Criteria for Refusal to Take a Department of Transportation (DOT) Drug Test
Indications for a Directly Observed Urine Specimen Collection for Drug Testing
Reporting the Results of a Urine Drug Test
Performing a Physical Examination on a Donor with a Positive Test for Opiates
When to Consider Collection of an Alternative Specimen for Drug Testing
Findings on Urine Drug Testing in a Patient Using a Vicks Vapor Inhaler
Criteria for Reasonable Suspicion of an Employee Being Under the Influence of Drugs or Alcohol
Evaluation of an Employee with a Positive Urine Test for Marijuana Who Claims Hemp Food Consumption
Correctable Flaws in Drug and Alcohol Testing
When to Redesignate the Specimen Bottles of a Split Specimen Collection
Identification of the Donor for a Drug or Alcohol Test
Situations When a Medical Review Officer (MRO) May Change a Verified Result
Actions by the Medical Review Officer (MRO) That Are Prohibited During a Drug Test Result Verification
Review of Negative Drug Test Results by the Medical Review Officer (MRO)
Validity Tests to Perform on Oral Fluid Used in Testing for Drugs of Abuse
Validity Tests to Perform on Sweat Used in Testing for Drugs of Abuse
Validity Tests to Perform on Hair Used in Testing for Drugs of Abuse
Legal Problems That May Arise When Testing for Drugs of Abuse
Reporting Results of a Double Specimen Collection During a Single Testing Event (Immediate Directly Observed Collection)
Evaluation of a Patient for Concurrent Use of Cocaine and Alcohol Including Measurement of Cocaethylene
Submission of Blind Quality Control Samples by an Employer to a Drug Testing Laboratory
World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) Formula for Normalizing a Urine Drug Concentration Based on the Specific Gravity
Determining the Minimum Number of Safety-Sensitive Workers Who Need To Be Randomly Tested To Meet the Department of Transportation (DOT) Requirements
Selecting a Worker or Donor at Random to Screen for Drugs of Abuse, Method 1
Urine Marijuana Metabolite to Creatinine Ratio of Huestis and Cone for Identifying New Use
False Positive Adulterant Tests for pH or Nitrite Associated with a Urinary Tract Infection
False Positive Immunoassay for Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in a Patient Being Treated with Pantoprazole or Other Proton Pump Inhibitor
Measuring Drugs of Abuse in Finger or Toe Nails
Selecting a Worker or Donor at Random to Screen for Drugs of Abuse, Method 2
Detecting Urinary 11-nor-delta9-tetrahydrocannabivarin-9-carboxylic Acid to Identify Marijuana Use in a Patient Taking Marinol
Why to Identify the Specific Opiate Causing a Positive Urine Drug Test
Causes of a False Positive Screening Urine Drug Test
Causes of a Negative Screening Urine Drug Test
Positive Urine Screening Test for Benzodiazepine or THC in an HIV-Positive Patient Taking Efavirenz
Unexplained Methamphetamine and Amphetamine in a Sample Due to Benzamphetamine (Didrex), Famprofazone or Other "Precursor" Drug
Adjusting a Urine Drug or Chemical Level in Urine for the Specific Gravity of the Sample
In Vitro Formation or Degradation of 6-Acetyl Morphine (6-AM)
Testing for EDDP in a Patient Receiving Methadone
Opioid Process Impurities in the Manufacture of an Opioid Analgesic
Ratio of Urine Concentrations of Hydromorphone to Morphine
False Positive Opiate Immunoassay Associated with Naloxone
Non-Negative Test Results
Collection of Hair for Drug Testing
Indications to Perform a Complete Analysis of a Drug of Abuse
The Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment (CIWA-A) for Patients in Alcohol Withdrawal
The Benzodiazepine Withdrawal Scale (CIWA-B)
Subjective Scoring Index for Opiate Withdrawal during Naloxone Therapy
Neonatal Drug Withdrawal Scoring System of Lipsitz
Scoring System of Finnegan et al for the Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Neonatal Withdrawal Inventory
Self-Rating Scale for Barbiturate-Benzodiazepine Withdrawal
The Moro Scale Score in Neonatal Narcotic Withdrawal
The Amphetamine Withdrawal Questionnaire (AWQ)
The Clinical Institute Narcotic Assessment (CINA) Scale for Withdrawal Symptoms
Grades of Fultz and Senay for Opiate Withdrawal
Grading Delirium Tremens (DTs) During Ethanol Withdrawal
Indications of Fiellin et al for Detoxification of an Alcoholic as an Inpatient
Clinical Findings of Tenenbein et al for Neonatal Withdrawal Associated with Maternal Volatile Substance Abuse
Indications of Ritson for Referral of an Alcoholic for Detoxification (Inpatient or Other Specialized Service)
Clinical Findings of Sanz et al for Neonatal Withdrawal Associated with Maternal Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) Therapy
Clinical Signs of Methcathinone Withdrawal
Neonatal Withdrawal Symptoms Following Maternal Phencyclidine (PCP) Abuse During Pregnancy
Clinical Signs of Caffeine Withdrawal
Clinical Signs of Dyer et al for Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) Withdrawal
Clinical Findings of Withdrawal from Anabolic Steroids
Risk Factors of Lukan et al for Delirium Tremens Developing in an Intoxicated Trauma Patient
Clinical Features of Haney et al for Marijuana Withdrawal
Clinical Features of Paraldehyde Withdrawal
Clinical Features of Meprobamate or Carisoprodol Withdrawal Syndrome
Clinical Features of Gabapentin Withdrawal Syndrome
Symptoms Score of Judson et al for Opioid Dependence Following Parenteral Administration of Naloxone
Sophia Observation withdrawal Symptom scale (SOS) for Opioid or Benzodiazepine Withdrawal in a Pediatric Patient
Scopolamine Withdrawal
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) Withdrawal
Antipsychotic Medication (Neuroleptic) Discontinuation Syndrome
Withdrawal Syndrome Associated with Discontinuation of Intrathecal Baclofen Therapy
Placental Score of Domenici et al for Identifying a Neonate at Risk for Severe Withdrawal Reaction
Screening a Trauma Patient for Risk of Delirium Tremens Using the AST and MCV
Adverse Effects of Abrupt Beta-Blocker Withdrawal
Discontinuation or Post-Removal Symptoms of Scopolamine or Other Antimuscarinic Agents
Ruxolitinib Withdrawal Syndrome (Ruxolitinib Discontinuation Syndrome)
Grading Depressant Drug Coma
Accumulative Prognostic Index in Patients with Depressant Intoxication
Intoxication Score in Short Acting Barbiturate Overdosage
Clinical Prediction Rule of Christenson et al for Early Discharge of Patients After Presumed Opioid Overdosage
EEG Changes of Haider et al in Sedative Overdosage and Coma
Risk Factors for Death Following Initiation of Methadone Maintenance Therapy
Clinical Findings in Phencyclidine (PCP) Intoxication
Clinical Findings in Methcathinone Intoxication
Clinical Findings in Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) Intoxication
Clinical Findings in Dextromethorphan Intoxication
Clinical Findings in LSD (d-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide) Intoxication
Clinical Findings in an Intoxication with a Piperazine Derivative (Benzylpiperazine or Trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine)
Clinical Findings in an Intoxication with 4-Bromo-2,5-DMPEA (4-Bromo-2,5-Dimethoxyphenethylamine)
Clinical Findings in Ketamine Intoxication
Clinical Findings in MDMA (3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, Ecstasy) Intoxication
Clinical Findings in Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) Intoxication
Clinical Findings in 4-Methylthioamphetamine (4-MTA) Intoxication
Clinical Findings in Methamphetamine Intoxication
Clinical Findings in Cocaine Intoxication
Clinical Findings of Cocaine or Amphetamine Abuse in a Pregnant Woman
Risk Factors for an Accidental Heroin Overdose
Recommendations of Desai et al for Handling a Patient Who Is Addicted to an Over-the-Counter (OTC) Medication
Clinical Features of a Caffeine Overdose
Clinical Findings in Marijuana Intoxication
Cocaine "Washed-Out" Syndrome
Risk Factors for Seizures in a Person Who Abuses Cocaine
Causes of Abdominal Pain and Peritonitis in a Person Who Abuses Cocaine
Ginseng Abuse Syndrome
Complications of Roszler et al for Intravenous Drug Injections Into the Groin
Clinical Features of Paraldehyde Abuse
Clinical Features of Chloral Hydrate
Heavy Metal Poisoning Associated with an Improperly Made Drug of Abuse
Grading the Severity of Intoxication with a CNS Stimulant
Ocular Changes in Drug Misuse
Clinical Findings in a Patient Abusing Nonpharmaceutical Fentanyl (NPF)
Clinical Findings in Intoxication with a Tryptamine
Hazards of Other Medications Ingested During the Abuse of an Over-the-Counter (OTC) Medication
Parkinsonism from Exposure to MPTP Contaminating a Synthetic Meperidine Analogue
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) Associated with a Heroin or Opiate Overdose
Control of Chronic Skin Ulcerations Secondary to Injections of Abused Drugs
Urinary Tract Changes Associated with Ketamine Abuse in Hong Kong
Status Asthmaticus Triggered By Heroin Inhalation
Transient Ischemic Colitis Following Use of Amphetamine or Cocaine
Clinical Findings in Gamma-Butyrolactone (GBL) or 1,4-Butanediol (1,4-BD) Intoxication
Excited Delirium Associated with Cocaine Intoxication
Signs and Symptoms of Buprenorphine Misuse
Flumazenil Therapy for Reversal of Benzodiazepine Effects
Signs and Symptoms of Carisoprodol Misuse
Synthetic Cannabinoids (Spice Drugs, K2, JWH-018, JWH-073, CP 47497, HU-210)
Clinical Features of Mephedrone Intoxication (Bath Salts)
Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome (CHS)
Pulmonary Talcosis Following Intravenous Abuse of an Oral Medication
Toxic Leukoencephalopathy Following Heroin Smoking (Heroin Vapor Abuse, "Chasing the Dragon")
Differential Diagnosis of Dyspnea in a Person Who Abuses Drugs
Hyponatremia Associated with MDMA (Ecstasy) Intoxication
Spectrum of Acute Renal Injury Associated with MDMA (Ecstasy) or Other Party Drugs
Importance of a Complete Medical Examination in a Patient with a Suspected Drug Overdose
"Parachuting" an Oral Drug of Abuse
Respiratory Depression Due to Co-Ingestion of Two or More CNS Depressants (Ethanol and Benzodiazepines, Opiates and Muscle Relaxants, Other)
Pneumomediastinum and Cervical Soft Tissue Emphysema Associated with Drug Abuse
Ways That a Fentanyl Transdermal Patch May Be Abused
Monitoring Drugs Using the Concentration in Saliva
When to Measure a Drug Metabolite
Risk of Noncompliance in Use of Medications
The Pill Identification Test for Assessing Compliance with Therapy
Self-Reported Medication Adherence Scale of Morisky et al
Adherence Score of Duong et al for Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy
Simplified Medication Adherence Questionnaire (SMAQ)
Modified Questionnaire of Duong et al to Identify Reasons for Missing Medication Doses
Method of Ho et al for Grading Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy
Rating of Medication Influences (ROMI) Scale of Weiden et al for Compliance with Drug Therapy in Schizophrenia
Method of Kent et al for Improving Adherence in HIV-Infected Patients
Overcompliance with a Medication
Reasons Listed by Fuhrer et al for Noncompliance by Patients with Pressure Ulcers
Findings Suggesting Noncompliance in the Use of Medications
Factors Identified by George et al Affecting Adherence in a Patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Directly Observed Therapy (DOT)
Enablers and Incentives in a Patient-Centered Treatment Strategy to Increase Patient Compliance with a Long-Term Therapeutic Regimen
Risk Factors for Noncompliance in Thienopyridine Therapy by a Cardiac Patient with a Drug-Eluting Stent
Factors of Walker et al Affecting Adherence to Medications for Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes
Factors of Moynihan et al Affecting the Adherence of a Male with Testicular Cancer to Medical Advice
Model of Chisholm-Burns et al for Predicting the Adherence Rate of a Renal Transplant Recipient to Immunosuppressant Therapy
Risk Factors of D'Inca et al for Nonadherence to Drug Therapy in a Patient with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
Risk Factors of Copp et al for Compliance with Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Vesicoureteral Reflux
Predictors of Shah et al for a Patient Filling the First Prescription ("First-Fill") for an Antihypertensive Medication
Predictors of Solomon et al for a Woman with Osteoporosis Showing Low Adherence to Bone Protective Medications
Factors of Zaghloul et al Affecting Compliance with Therapy for Psoriasis
Factors of Myat et al Affecting Compliance with Antihypertensive Therapy
Factors Affecting Adherence with Iron Chelation Therapy (ICT)
Multicentre Study of Poisoning in Children (MSPC) Score
Poisoning Severity Score in Acute Poisoning
Estimating the Amount of Agents Ingested in an Acute Poisoning
Modified Oklahoma Poisoning Questionnaire (OPQ) for Predicting Recurrent Accidental Poisoning in a Young Child
Indications for Digoxin Blood Level Monitoring
Reversing Digoxin Overdosage with Fab Antibody Fragments
Algorithm of Salhanick and Shannon for Management of Acute Poisoning with a Calcium Channel Antagonist
Cinchomism Associated with Quinidine or Quinine Therapy
Risk Factors for Digitalis Toxicity
Risk Factors for Calcium Channel Blocking Agent Toxicity
Clinical Findings with a Beta-Blocker Intoxication
Monitoring of N-Acetylprocainamide (NAPA) in a Patient Being Treated with Procainamide
Equation of Nicholson et al for Prescribing Digoxin
Simple Score of Nicholson et al for Prescribing Digoxin
Clinical Findings Suggesting the Possibility of a Surreptitiously Administered Sedative
Steps to Avoid Surreptitious Sedative Ingestion ("Being Slipped a Mickey")
Hangover Symptoms Following the Use of a Benzodiazepine as a Hypnotic Drug
Risk Factors for Hangover Symptoms Following the Use of a Benzodiazepine as a Hypnotic Drug
Evaluation of a Worker with a Post-Accident Drug Test Showing the Presence of a Benzodiazepine
Failure to Recall an Activity After Use of a Soporific Benzodiazepine (Temazepam, Triazolam)
Score of Naranjo et al for Estimating the Probability of an Adverse Drug Reaction in a Patient
French System for Monitoring Unexpected or Toxic Drug Reactions (UTDR)
Identifying Elderly Patients with Risk Factors for Adverse Drug Reactions
Risk Factors of Field et al Associated with Adverse Drug Reactions in Nursing Home Residents
Algorithm Used by the FDA Division of Drug Experience to Evaluate the Causal Relationship in an Adverse Drug Reaction
Managing Common Adverse Reactions to alpha-Interferon
Findings of Trontell Suggestive of a Possible Adverse Drug Reaction
Risk Model of McElnay et al for Adverse Drug Events in an Elderly Patient
Modified Criteria of Schumrock and Thornton for Preventability of an Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR)
Classification of McDonnell and Jacobs for the Severity of an Adverse Drug Reaction
Comorbid Conditions Contributing to Repeat Hospital Admissions for an Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) in Older Adults
Risk Factors of Green et al for Adverse Drug Events in an Elderly Outpatient
GerontoNet ADR Risk Score of Onder et al for Determining Risk of Adverse Drug Reactions in a Hospitalized Geriatric Patient
WHO Adverse Reaction Terminology (WHO-ART) Classification for Adverse Drug Reactions
Seven Deadly Sins of Inman for Reporting Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR)
Kinetic Features of a Poison Making Removal Amenable to an Extracorporeal Technique
Indications for Extracorporeal Elimination of Salicylate
Indications and Contraindications for Whole Bowel Irrigation (WBI)
Toxic Agents with Poor Adsorption Onto Activated Charcoal
Gastric Lavage
Problems Associated With the Use of Ipecac to Induce Emesis
Use of Cathartics to Aid in Gut Decontamination
Accidental Injection or Extravasation of Vasoconstricting Drugs into Subcutaneous Tissues
Reducing the Risk of Improper Intrathecal Drug Injection
Risk of Extravasation Injury Associated with an Intravascular Infusion in a Peripheral Vein
Risk for Chemical Mediastinitis Associated with Extravasation of Drug from a Central Intravascular Catheter
Grading the Severity of Infiltration and Extravasation Injury
Clinical Features of an Allergic Flare Reaction to Intravenous Infusion of a Drug
Preventing Complications Associated with Intramuscular (IM) Injections
Techniques of Gault for Prevention of Extravasation Injury
Criteria of Spenny et al for the Compartment Syndrome Following Extravasation Injury
Changes in Subcutaneous Fat at Sites of Insulin Injection (Lipoatrophy or Lipohypertrophy)
Complications Associated with Intramuscular Injections
Risk Factors for Subcutaneous Abscess or Cellulitis Associated with Continuous Insulin Infusion with an Insulin Pump
Cosmetic Skin Changes at the Site of Repeated Subcutaneous Injections
Risk Factors for Unintentional Intra-Arterial Drug Injection
Clinical Findings Following Unintentional Intra-Arterial Drug Injection
Indicators for Identifying an Unintentional Intra-Arterial Drug Infusion
Factors of Chan et al That Determine Whether an Intramuscular Injection into the Buttocks Reaches Muscle or Fat
Recommendations of Grissinger for Reducing the Risk of Serious Complications Associated with Intravascular Injection of a Caustic Drug
Traumatic Neuritis of the Sciatic Nerve Following Intramuscular (IM) Injection
Local Injection Site Reaction to Subcutaneous Administration of Etanercept
Nicolau's Syndrome (Embolia Cutis Medicamentosa)
Hoigne Syndrome (Pseudo-anaphylaxis, Procaine Psychosis) Following Injection of Procaine Penicillin or Other Drugs
Aluminium Granulomata (Aluminum Granulomata) at an Injection Site
Central Nervous System Oxygen Toxicity
Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity
Clinical Features of the Anticholinergic and Central Anticholinergic Syndromes
Screening for Anticholinergic Drug Toxicity Using Intravenous Physostigmine
Anticholinergic Risk Scale of Rudolph et al
Muscarinic Effects of a Cholinergic Agent
Nicotinic Effects of a Cholinergic Agent
Criteria for Chelation Therapy in Patients with Iron Intoxication
Determining the Amount of Elemental Iron Ingested
Clinical Stages of Iron Intoxication
Criteria for Hepatotoxicity Associated with Acute Iron Poisoning
Criterion of Yatscoff et al for Discontinuation of Desferoxamine Therapy for Acute Iron Poisoning
Desensitization to Asparaginase
Clinical Features of the Anticonvulsant (Antiepileptic) Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome
Risk Factors Associated with the Anticonvulsant (Antiepileptic) Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome
Questions of Lorenz et al for Determining If a Drug Has Caused a Release of Histamine
Criteria of Lorenz et al for Histamine Release Response Associated with a Drug
Classification of Lorenz et al for the Severity of a Drug-Induced Histamine Release Response
Recognition of an Allergic Reaction to an Antiretroviral Medication
Aspirin Triad Syndrome
Hypersensitivity Reaction to Paclitaxel (Taxol)
Hypersensitivity Reaction to Drugs Formulated with Cremophor EL (Polyethoxylated Castor Oil)
Hypersensitivity Reactions to Tartrazine (FD&C Yellow No. 5)
Risk Factors of Schindewolf et al for a Delayed Hypersensitivity Type Skin Reaction to Heparin
Anaphylactic Response Following Injection of a Corticosteroid
Hypersensitivity Reaction to Clopidogrel
Risk Factors for a Patient with an Allergy to a Sulfonamide Antibiotic Reacting to a Sulfonamide Nonantibiotic
Allergic Reactions to the Coloring Agent E110 (Sunset Yellow FCF)
Estimating the Plasma Level of Propylene Glycol from Osmolal Gap
Evaluating a Patient for Possible Propylene Glycol Toxicity
Adverse Effects of Benzyl Alcohol, Including the Gasping Syndrome in Premature Infants
Clinical Features of Acute Camphor Intoxication
Cardiotoxicity and Neurotoxicity Following Infusion of 5-Fluorouracil Prepared in Tris Buffer
Determining the Isoniazid Acetylation Phenotype Based on Measurement of Urinary Isoniazid and Acetylisoniazid
Thiopurine Methyltransferase (TPMT) Activity and Azathioprine Therapy
Effect of Polymorphism in Cytochrome P450 (CYP) CYP2D6 on the Metabolism of Oxycodone
Indications for Testing a Patient on Warfarin for Polymorphism in Cytochrome P450 (CYP) CYP2C9
Identifying a Patient Failing Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Who Should be Phenotyped for CYP2C19
Model of Steimer et al for Predicting Adverse Side Effects During Amitriptyline Therapy Based on the CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 Phenotypes
Generic Model for Pharmacologic Effects of a Drug Undergoing Metabolism to an Active Compound
Identifying Patients at Risk for Irinotecan (Camptosar) Myelotoxicity Based on UGT1A1 Genotype (Including Gilbert's Syndrome)
Voriconazole Serum Concentration and CYP2C19 Genotype
Methotrexate Toxicity and MTHFR (Methelenetetrahydrofolate Reductase) C677T Polymorphism
Identifying a Woman at Risk for Reduced Effectiveness of Tamoxifen Therapy Secondary to Altered Biotransformation
Pharmacogenetic Model of Wessels et al for Predicting the Efficacy of Methotrexate Monotherapy at 6 Months in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Efavirenz Dose Reduction in an HIV-1 Infected Patient Based on CYP2B6 Genotype
Nomogram of Schwab et al for Predicting Severe Toxicity Associated with Fluorouracil (5-FU) Therapy
HLA Screening to Identify an Asian Patient at Risk for Carbamazepine-Associated Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Impact of CYP2C19 Phenotype on Clopidogrel Response
Apoptotic Pharmacogenetic Index (API) of Hlavaty et al for Infliximab Therapy in Crohn's Disease
Testing a Patient for Polymorphism in the ABCB1 Gene Prior to Therapy with Docetaxel or Irinotecan
Risk Factors of Park et al for Severe Hyperbilirubinemia in an HIV-Positive Patient Receiving Atazanavir
Effect of Polymorphism in Cytidine Deaminase on the Pharmacokinetics of Gemcitabine
Common Drugs Inducing or Inhibiting Cytochrome P450 Enzymes and the P-Glycoprotein Transporter System
Interference By Grapefruit, Cranberry and Other Juices With Drug Metabolism
Ratio of Urinary 6-Beta-Hydroxycortisol to Cortisol to Phenotype CYP3A4 Activity
Findings Suggestive of a Change in Drug Metabolism (Induction or Inhibition)
Differential Diagnosis of Medication Intolerance
Criteria of Pinilla-Ilbarz et al for Drug Intolerance
Indications for Antiepileptic Drug Monitoring
Clinical Features of a Carbamazepine Overdose
Equation of Umstead and Neumann for Predicting Free Phenytoin Based on the Serum Albumin in a Cancer Patient
The Sheiner-Tozer Equation for Normalizing the Total Serum Phenytoin Concentration in a Patient with Hypoalbuminemia
Normalizing the Total Serum Phenytoin Concentration for a Patient with End Stage Renal Disease and Hypoalbuminemia
Estimate of Dasgupta et al for Free Phenytoin Concentration
Estimating the Volume of Distribution for Phenytoin in a Patient with Hypoalbuminemia
Indications for Direct Measurement of the Free (Unbound) Serum Phenytoin Concentration
Equation of Coleman et al for Calculating the Free Phenytoin Concentration at 37°C Based on Testing at Room Temperature
Model of Allison et al for Estimating Carbamazepine 10,11- Epoxide Concentration in Serum Based on Carbamazepine Levels by 2 Different Immunoassays
Equation of May et al for Predicting Unbound Concentration of Phenytoin in a Patient Being Treated with Phenytoin and Valproic Acid
Equation of Haidukewych et al for Predicting Unbound Concentration of Phenytoin in a Patient Being Treated with Phenytoin and Valproic Acid
Clinical Findings in a Patient with an Overdose of Valproic Acid
Administration of L-Carnitine in a Patient with an Overdose of Valproic Acid
Risk Factors for Toxicity Associated with Infusions of Sodium Nitroprusside
Clinical Findings Suggestive of Cyanide Poisoning
Exposures That May Be Associated with Cyanide Poisoning
Arteriolization of Venous Blood in Cyanide Poisoning
Clinical Features of a Patient Who Abuses Volatile Solvents
Techniques Used to Abuse Volatile Inhalants
Complications Associated With Volatile Inhalant Abuse
Signs and Symptoms of Withdrawal in a Person Who Abuses a Volatile Inhalant
Method of Wong et al for Abbreviated Monitoring of Tacrolimus in a Renal Transplant Recipient
Method of Weber et al for Abbreviated Monitoring of Mycophenolic Acid (MPA) in a Pediatric Renal Transplant Recipient Receiving Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF)
Method of Filler and Mai for Abbreviated Monitoring of Mycophenolic Acid (MPA) in a Pediatric Renal Transplant Recipient Receiving Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF)
Contraindications to Intravenous Colchicine Administered to a Patient and Indications to Reduce the Dose Administered
Clinical Stages of Colchicine Toxicity
Ways That a Patient May Develop Colchicine Intoxication
Clinical Finding in Isoniazid (INH) Overdosage
Administration of Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) as the Antidote to Isoniazid Intoxication
Management of a Patient with an Acute Isoniazid Overdose
Risk Factors for Isoniazid Hepatotoxicity
Monitoring a Patient for Evidence of Isoniazid Hepatotoxicity
Clinical Features of an Overdose with Diphenhydramine or Other H1-Receptor Antagonist
Paradoxical Excitation Associated with Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Sedative Effects of Antihistamine Drugs
Signs and Symptoms of Toxicity Associated with Doxylamine Succinate
Risk Factors for Theophylline Intoxication
Clinical and Laboratory Findings in Theophylline Intoxication
Indications of Dawson et al for Admitting a Patient to the Hospital with Theophylline Intoxication
Indications of Williams and Erickson for Hemodialysis or Hemoperfusion in a Patient with Theophylline Intoxication
Clinical Findings in a Patient Receiving an Overdose of Methylene Blue
Serotonin Syndrome Associated with Methylene Blue Therapy
Adverse Effects Associated with the Antitussive Agent Benzonatate
Inhibition of Organic Anion Transporting Peptide 1A2 (OATP1A2) By Grapefruit and Other Fruit Juices
Drugs Associated with Drug-Induced Phospholipidosis (DIP)
Diagnostic Features of Drug-Induced Phospholipidosis (DIP)
Hepatic Phospholipidosis
Impact on Drug Delivery of Placing an Infusing Central Catheter Too Close to a Central Catheter Being Used for Blood Removal
Drugs Associated with a False Positive Screen for Phencyclidine (PCP)
Withdrawal Syndrome Associated with Discontinuation of Dextromethorphan Abuse
Zolpidem Withdrawal Syndrome
Toxic Effects of Propoxyphene (Dextropropoxyphene, Darvon, Darvocet)
Early Discontinuation of Therapy
Predictors of Owusu et al for Tamoxifen Discontinuation in an Older Woman with Estrogen-Receptor Positive Breast Cancer
Classification of Tsai et al for the Severity of an Acute Poisoning
Score of Du et al for Detecting an Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Risk Factors of Rashed et al for Adverse Drug Reactions in a Hospitalised Child
Risk Factors of Kane-Gill et al for Adverse Drug Events (ADE) in a Critically-Ill Patient
Adverse Drug Event (ADE) Trigger Tool: Clinical Events
Adverse Drug Event (ADE) Trigger Tool: Administration of an Antidote
Adverse Drug Event (ADE) Trigger Tool: Laboratory Tests
Unsafe Injection Practices
Indications for Chelation Therapy for a Transfusion-Dependent Patient with Myelodysplasia and Iron Overload
Phenotypes of Cytochrome P450 2D6
Risk Factors of Pawasauskas et al for Naloxone Use to Reverse Oversedation or Respiratory Depression in a Hospitalized Patient
Impact of Variation in the Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH2) Gene and Alcohol Use in Japanese and Other Asians
Estrogenic Effects Associated with Phytoestrogens in Alcoholic Beverages
Congeners in Alcoholic Beverages
Alcohol-Induced Pain
Acute Alcohol Poisoning
Auto-Brewery Syndrome (Colonic Fermentation with Endogenous Ethanol Production)
Quetiapine Discontinuation Syndrome
Synthetic Cannabinoid Withdrawal Syndrome
Risk Factors for Quetiapine Abuse
Rachacha Ingestion
Treatment Fatigue
Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with Breastfeeding
Risk Factors of Pedros et al for Being Hospitalized for an Adverse Drug Reaction
Clinical Prediction Rule of Sakuma et al for Adverse Drug Events in a Hospitalized Adult Patient
Score of Urbina et al for a Drug-Related Problem in a Hospitalized Patient
Use of 1% Lidocaine Solution as a Diluent to Reduce Pain After an Intramuscular Injection
Extravasation Injury Associated Concentrated Dextrose (50% Dextrose, D50W)
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Sensitivity (NSAID Intolerance)
Allergic Contact Dermatitis Associated with a Cresol Preservative (m-Cresol, Meta-Cresol, Chlorocresol, 4-Chloro-m-Cresol)
Allergy to Vitamin B12
Multiple Drug Intolerance Syndrome (MDIS, Multiple Drug Allergy Syndrome, Multiple Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome, MDHS)
Methanol Poisoning in Moonshine and the Distillation Fractions (“Cuts”)
Meconium, Umbilical Cord and Other Alternative Specimens for Retrospective Detection of Maternal Drug Abuse During Pregnancy
Zinc Sulfate as an Adulterant for Urine Drug Testing
Clinical Predictors of Lee et al for Delirium Tremens (DTs) in an Alcoholic (Early Warning Score for Delirium Tremens)
Clinical Features of Alpha-PVP (Flakka)
Loperamide (Imodium) Dependence and Abuse
Adverse Effects of the Opiate Krokodil (Desomorphine)
Clinical Features of Kratom (Mitragynine, Mitragyna speciosa) Abuse
Methoxetamine (MXE) Intoxication and Abuse
Different Types of Heroin
Risk Factors for Noncompliance in the Use of Eye Drops for the Treatment of Glaucoma
Reasons Why a Patient with Overactive Bladder (OAB) May Discontinue Therapy with an Antimuscarinic Drug
Risk Assessment Score of Sharif-Askari et al for Predicting the Risk of an Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) in a Hospitalized Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Leakage of Drug Following Subcutaneous or Intramuscular Injection
Medication Wrong Route Administration Error
Paradichloobenzene (PDB) Intoxication and Addiction (Mothball Madness)
Use of Serum FABP1 Concentrations to Predict Outcome Associated with Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Failure (ALF)
CART Models of Speiser et al for a Patient with Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Failure: Admission Model Based on Variables from King's College Criteria
CART Models of Speiser et al for a Patient with Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Failure: Admission Model Based on New Variables
CART Models of Speiser et al for a Patient with Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Failure: Post-Admission Model Based on Variables from King's College Criteria
CART Models of Speiser et al for a Patient with Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Failure: Post-Admission Model Based on New Variables
False Positive Urine Adulterant Test for Oxidants Associated with a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Coma Cocktail
Opiate Overdose or Sudden Death After the Loss of Tolerance During Detoxification or Imprisonment
Carfentanil (Carfentanyl, Wildnil)
Ultra-Potent Synthetic Cannabinoids and Zombie-Like State (AB-FUBINACA, ADB-PINACA, Other)
Bupropion (Zyban) Abuse
Algorithm of Kramer et al for Diagnosis of an Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR)
Criteria of Mannesse et al for the Diagnosis of an Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR)
Risk Factors of Mannesse et al for Hospital Admission Associated with an Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) in an Elderly Adult
Nonadherence Due to Pharmacophobia (Pharmaphobia, Medication Phobia)
MARRIED-Cocaine Score for Predicting the Risk of Revisit to the Emergency Department by a Cocaine User
Stroke or Embolic Complications of Injecting a Melted Suppository
Vasculitis Associated with Drug Abuse
Differential Diagnosis of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Events in a Person Who Abuses Drugs
Lomotil (Diphenoxylate) Abuse and Dependence
Protocol of Howes et al for Determining Adherence to Therapy for Schizophrenia
Risk Factors of Manini et al for Adverse Cardiovascular Event (ACVE) During a Drug Overdose
Clinical Features of 4-Aminopyridine (4-AP, Dalfampridine) Overdose
Acute Lurasidone Overdose
Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS) of Wesson and Ling
Objective Opiate Withdrawal Scale (OOWS) of Handelsman et al
Subjective Opiate Withdrawal Scale (SOWS) of Handelsman et al
Alcohol Withdrawal Scale (AWS) of Wetterling et al
Model of Palmstierna for Predicting Delirium Tremens During Alcohol Withdrawal
Nomogram of Eyer et al for the Risk of Delirium Tremens During Alcohol Withdrawal
Nomogram of Eyer et al for the Risk of Seizures During Alcohol Withdrawal
Luebeck Alcohol Withdrawal Risk Scale (LARS) of Wetterling et al
Drug Testing in a Safety-Sensitive Occupation
Criteria for Legal Intoxication
Criteria from Rome IV for Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome (CHS)
Hazard Factor (HF) of Litovitz and Manoguerra
Complications Associated with a Peripherally-Inserted Central Venous Catheter (PICC)
Hypersensitivity Reaction to Cetuximab
Anaphylactoid Reactions Following Parenteral Administration of Vitamin K1 (Phytonadione)
HLA-B*58:01 Genotype and Allopurinol-Induced Hypersensitivity Reaction (Severe Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reaction, SCAR, DRESS)
Chloroquine-Induced Renal Phospholipidosis (Pseudo Fabry Nephropathy)
Score of Kolb and Himmelsbach for Opiate Withdrawal (Himmelsbach Scale)
Predictors of Hedeland et al for Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in a Pediatric Patient
Paracetamol Aminotransferase Product in Acetaminophen Toxicity
Predictor of James et al for Low Risk of Acetaminophen Toxicity in a Pediatric Patient
Mistakes in Workplace Drug and Alcohol Testing
Short Opiate Withdrawal Score (SOWS) of Gossop
Neonatal Withdrawal Reaction for 4-Methylcathinone
Criteria of Alambyan for Toxic Leukoencephalopathy Associated with Heroin Inhalation ("Chasing the Dragon", CTD)
Serum Lactate as a Predictor of Mortality in a Drug Overdose
Coma Blisters in a Drug Overdose (Coma Bullae, Barbiturate Blisters)
Drug Toxicity in a Nonadherent Patient
Repeated or Recurrent Poisoning
Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with an Overdose of a Slow or Sustained Release Drug Formulation
Indications for Extracorporeal Therapy in Lithium Poisoning
Indications for Extracorporeal Therapy in a Patient with Metformin Poisoning
Indications of Ghannoum et al for Extracorporeal Therapy for Carbamazepine Poisoning
Indications of Ghannoum et al for Extracorporeal Therapy for Theophylline Poisoning
Indications of Ghannoum et al for Extracorporeal Therapy for Valproic Acid Poisoning
Indications of Mactier et al for Extracorporeal Therapy for Barbiturate Poisoning
Indications of Gosselin et al for Extracorporeal Therapy for Acetaminophen Poisoning
Indications of Ghannoum et al for Extracorporeal Therapy for Thallium Poisoning
Indications of Anseeuw et al for Extracorporeal Therapy for Phenytoin Poisoning
Injection Site Reaction to Vitamin K
Iron Intoxication from Transcutaneous Absorption
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy (DIC) and Waterhouse Friderichsen Syndrome in Colchicine Poisoning
Diagnosis of Infection in a Patient with Colchicine Intoxication
Cardiac Toxicity in Colchicine Poisoning
Drug Interaction Probability Scale (DIPS) of Horn et al
Adverse Effects of Telbivudine Therapy for Viral Hepatitis B
Predictors of Kahn et al for Mortality in a Patient with Delirium Tremens (DTs)
Criteria of Kahn et al for Delirium Tremens (DTs)
Limb Amputation Associated with Intravascular Drug Abuse
Chemsex
Score of Camilleri for the Prediction of Acute Intoxication in a Patient with Altered Mental Status and No History of Alcohol or Drug Ingestion
Signals of Handler et al for a Potential Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) in a Nursing Home: Administration of an Antidote
Signals of Handler et al for a Potential Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) in a Nursing Home: Laboratory Results and Drug Combinations
Signals of Handler et al for a Potential Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) in a Nursing Home: Drug Concentration
Signals of Handler et al for a Potential Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) in a Nursing Home: Activation of a Resident Assessment Protocol (RAP)
Predictors of Shively et al for a Severe Outcome in Acute Salicylate Poisoning
Acute Hangover Scale of Rohsenow et al
Hip Flask Defense After an Accident
Hack Impairment Index (HII) Associated with Alcohol Intoxication
Diphenhydramine and False-Positive Methadone Results on Urine Drug Screening
Adverse Effects of Xylazine
Side Effects of Cannabidiol (CBD)
Speedball (Powerball)
Skin Popping and Muscling
Cannabis Concentrate (Dab, Butane Hash Oil, BHO)
Ayahuasca
n-Ethyl Pentylone (NEP)
Hyperthermia Associated with a Drug of Abuse
ICU Admission Score of Brandenburg et al for an Intoxicated/Poisoned Patient
Factors of Al Dweik et al Affecting Patient Reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR)
Severity Categorization for Pharmaceutical Evaluation (SCOPE) Criteria of Quintana-Barcena et al for Drug-Related Problems (DRP)
Extravasation of Intravenous Iron
Injection Site Reactions for Targeted and Biological Disease-Modifying Therapeutics
Causes of a Cholinergic Crisis
Clinical Features of a Cholinergic Crisis
Management of a Cholinergic Crisis
Guidance of Goldfrank et al for Intravenous Dosing of Naloxone for a Patient with Opioid Overdose
Prediction of Alcohol Withdrawal Severity Scale (PAWSS) of Maldonodo et al
Applejack Palsy and Hangover
Simplified Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring Tool (FNAST) of Devlin et al
Simplified Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring System (sFNAS) of Pomar et al
Adverse Effects Associated with Edible Marijuana (Cannabis, THC)
Clenbuterol Toxicity
Clinical Features of Propylhexedrine (Benzedrex) Intoxication
Adverse Effects of Concurrent Exposure to Cocaine and Lidocaine
Intoxication and Addiction to Phenibut (beta-Phenyl-gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, PHB)
Cannabis (Marijuana) Tourism
Risk Factors for Noncompliance with Oral Iron Replacement Therapy
Factors Impacting Adherence to Therapy with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI)
Medication Possession Ratio (MPR)
Risk Factors of Col et al for Noncompliance-Related Hospital Admission for an Elderly Patient
Intravenous Lipid Resuscitation in Drug Overdose
Brighton Adverse Drug Reactions Risk (BADRI) Model
Clinical Prediction Rule of Hohl et al for Detection of a Significant Adverse Drug Effect in an Emergency Department Patient
Pseudoallergic Infusion Reaction to Intravenous Iron
Risk Factors for Severe Extravasation Injury in Preterm Neonates
Stages of Montgomery et al for Infiltration and Extravasation Injury
Complement Activation-Related Pseudoallergy (CARPA)
Pyridine Toxicity Associated with Ceftazidime Therapy
Clinical Findings Associated with an Overdose of an Atypical Antipsychotic
Impact of Cirrhosis on the Metabolism of Morphine
Causes of a False-Positive Urine Drug Test for Amphetamines
NASCORE (Neonatal Abstinence Score) of Kocherlakota et al
Neonatal Withdrawal Reaction Following Maternal Antipsychotic Therapy During Pregnancy
Visceral Ischemia Associated with Methamphetamine Use
Methamphetamine-Associated Toxic Leukoencephalopathy
Tianeptine Abuse and Withdrawal
Predictors of Krawczyk et al Death Following a Drug Overdose
Bad Trip
Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) Severity Assessment Scale of Hartwig et al
Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) Preventability Assessment of Hartwig et al
DoTS (Dosing, Timing, Susceptibility) Classification of Adverse Drug Reactions
Risk Factors of Davies et al for Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) on a Hospitalized Patient
Clinical Findings Associated with Phenothiazine Overdose
Adverse Effects of Topical Methyl Salicylate Preparations
Lactic Acidosis in a Patient with Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) Poisoning
Pyroglutamic Acidemia in a Patient with Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) Poisoning
Vodka Eyeballing
Alcohol Enema (Alcohol-Induced Colitis)
Differential Diagnosis of Shock During Alcohol Withdrawal
Counterfeit or Fake Ethanol
False Positive Ethanol Concentration in an Enzymatic Assay
Implicit Bias in Drug Testing of Pregnant Mothers and Neonates
Shortened MOTHER Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (sMNAS-9) of Chervoneva et al
MOTHER Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (MNAS)
Risk Factors of Zhao et al for Methamphetamine Withdrawal Symptoms for a Person Who Injects Drugs (PWID)
Intoxication with 4-Methylethcathinone (4-MEC)
5F-Cumyl Pegaclone (SGT-151)
Toxicological Significance Score (TSS)
Puffy Hand Syndrome
Cannabis/Marijuana-Related Cardiac Arrhythmias
Telazol (Tiletamine and Zolazepam, TZ) Toxicity
Naloxone-Induced Pulmonary Edema
Loperamide (Imodium) Overdose
Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Substance Abuse
Risk Factors for Nonadherence in an Adult with Self-Neglect
Predictors of Lee et al for Low Adherence for Oral 5-Amnosalicylic Acid (5-ASA) in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis
Toxicity Associated with Intravenous Nitroglycerin
Clinical Features of a Verapamil Overdose
Predictors of Munoz et al for Medication-Associated Altered Mental Status in a Hospitalized Patient
Fear of Adverse Drug Reactions
Opioid Induced Histamine Release from Mast Cells
Clinical Features of an Overdose with Lamotrigine
Clinical Features of an Overdose with Hydroxychloroquine
Clinical Features of an Overdose with Vilazodone
Clinical Features of an Overdose with Tizanidine
Adverse Effects of 2,4-Dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP)
Adverse Effects of Caffeine or Other Methylxanthines Used for Weight Loss
Adverse Effects Associated with an Overdose of the Weight Loss Product Hydroxycut
Adverse Effects of the Herbal Weight Loss Agent Garcinia cambogia
Ketamine Dependence and Withdrawal
Risk Score of Minkowitz et al for Opioid-Related Adverse Drug Events (ORADE) in a Surgical Patient: Model for a Male Patient
Risk Score of Minkowitz et al for Opioid-Related Adverse Drug Events (ORADE) in a Surgical Patient: Model for a Female Patient
Hospital Observation Upon Reversal (HOUR) Prediction Rule for Naloxone
Vanilla Extract Abuse
Intoxication from Inhaling Ethanol Vapor
False-Positive Drug Screen for Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)
Complex Persistent Benzodiazepine Dependence (CPBD)
Protracted Withdrawal Syndrome (Postacute Withdrawal Syndrome, PAWS)
Marijuana-Induced Gastroparesis (THC-Induced Gastroparesis)
Intoxication with Brorphine
Opioid-Associated Amnestic Syndrome (Amnesia)
Adverse Effects of Exposure to Cinnamon Oil or Powder
Vaping THC Oil
Skin Necrosis Associated with Injection of a Drug Containing Xylazine
5-APB, 5-MAPB and Other Aminoalkylbenzofuran Derivatives
Poisoning Early Warning Score of Martin-Rodriguez et al for an Adult with Acute Poisoning
Adverse Drug Effects in an Infant Treated for Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
POSAMINO Criteria for Alcohol-Drug Interactions: Drugs Affected by Any Amount of Alcohol
POSAMINO Criteria for Alcohol-Drug Interactions: Drugs Affected by Large Amounts of Alcohol
PRODIGY Score of Khanna et al for Prediction of Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression
Benzodiazepine Resistant Alcohol Withdrawal (RAW) Score of Benedict et al
Drug Testing in a Chronic Pain Patient Receiving Opioids
Iatrogenic Withdrawal Syndrome (IWS) in an Adult in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Withdrawal Assessment Tool Version 1 (WAT-1) for Opioid or Benzodiazepine Withdrawal in a Pediatric Patient
Heroin Transverse Myelitis (Myelopathy)
Rhabdomyolysis Associated with Heroin Abuse
Model of Chang et al Predictive of Nonadherence with Once-Daily Glaucoma Medications
12-Item Malaysia Medication Adherence Assessment Tool (MyMAAT)
New Poisoning Mortality Score (new-PMS) of Han et al
Neonatal Adverse Event Severity Scale (NAESS) of Salaets et al
Defective CYP2D6 Genotype and Doxepin Poisoning
1,1-Dufluoroethane Inhalant Abuse
Removal of Fentanyl on Environmental Surfaces
Dosage Adjustments to LMW Heparin or Fondaparinux in Renal Insufficiency
Hypersensitivity Reactions to Opioids (Histamine Release, Anaphylaxis, Anaphylactoid Reaction)
NAlaxone CARdiac Arrest Decision Instruments (NACARDI) in Occult Opioid Overdose with Cardiac Arrest
Fentanyl-Induced Rigid Chest Syndrome (FIRCS, Wooden Chest Syndrome)
Kudzu (Pueraria) Herbal Remedies for Hangover and Alcohol Abuse
Addition of a Drug By the Patient to a Urine Specimen Being Used to Screen for Therapeutic Compliance
Norbuprenorphine to Buprenorphine Ratio in a Urine Test for Buprenorphine Use
Detection of Heroin Use By Testing for Papaverine and Its Metabolites
Delayed Presentation of Neonatal Withdrawal Symptoms in Neonates with Congenital Hypothyroidism
Adverse Effects pf Eutylone or Ephylone
Complications of Using Marijuana (or Cananbis) Wax or Hash Oil
Definition of Edwards and Aronson for Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR)
SCoRCH Hypersensitivity Reaction
Trigger Tool of Noorda et al for Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) in an Elderly Patient with Polypharmacy: Bleeding
Trigger Tool of Noorda et al for Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) in an Elderly Patient with Polypharmacy: Falls, Collapse or Syncope
Trigger Tool of Noorda et al for Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) in an Elderly Patient with Polypharmacy: Delirium or Confusion
Trigger Tool of Noorda et al for Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) in an Elderly Patient with Polypharmacy: Abnormal Laboratory Tests
Trigger Tool of Noorda et al for Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) in an Elderly Patient with Polypharmacy: Renal Insufficiency and/or Dehydration
Trigger Tool of Noorda et al for Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) in an Elderly Patient with Polypharmacy: Miscellaneous Adverse Effects
Extravasation of Concentrated Potassium Chloride Solution
Maximum Daily Dose of a Drug Formulation Containing Propylene Glycol
Toxigenetic Score of Weisman et al for Methotrexate
Adverse Effects of Melatonin, Including Overdosage
Rupture of the Urinary Bladder from Binge Drinking
Alcohol Intolerance Syndromes Associated with Neoplastic Diseases
Prediction Model of Simpson et al for Positive Neonatal Meconium and Urine Drug Tests
Neonatal Gabapentin Withdrawal Syndrome
Predictors of Mohan et al for Intensive Care for a Patient with Alcohol Withdrawal
Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (Protracted Alcohol or Drug Withdrawal)
Predictors of Marchand et al for Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome on Admission to a Trauma Center
Risk Factors of Coleman et al for a Patient Leaving Against Medical Advice (AMA) During Alcohol Withdrawal
Phenibut Withdrawal
Precipitated Opioid Withdrawal
Dexmedetomidine Withdrawal
Differential Diagnosis of Impaired Vision Associated with Methamphetamine Abuse
Predictors of Cohen et al for Opioid Overdose in a Pediatric Patient
Methamphetamine-Induced Encephalopathy
Clinical Features of Fenethylline (Captagon) Intoxication
Scopolamine Poisoning Associated with Illegal Substance Abuse
Predictors of Naim et al for Prolonged ICU Stay or Death for a Self-Poisoned Patient
Prognostic Model of Nakafero et al for Methotrexate Toxicity in a Patient with an Immunologic Disorder
Adverse Inpatient Medication Event Model (AIME) of Falconer et al
PADR-EC Score of Nair et al for Predicting Hospitalization for an Adverse Drug Reaction in an Elderly Community-Dwelling Adult
Adverse Effects Associated with Syringe Lubricant
Cauda Equina Syndrome Due to Intrathecal Drug Injection
Algorithm of Kim et al for Management of Computed Tomography Contrast Media Extravasation
Implications of CYP2D6 Genotype for a Patient Receiving Tamoxifen
CYP2D6 Activity Score of Gaedigk et al
Cervical Compressive Myelopathy (Ptotic Myelopathy) Associated with Alcohol or Drug Intoxication
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Associated with Substance Withdrawal
Adverse Effects of Delta-8 Tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta-8-THC)
Clinical Findings Association with Bromazolam and Flubromazolam Intoxication
Adverse Effects Following Flumazenil Therapy in a Patient with Benzodiazepine Intoxication
MASCOT Score of Lam et al for a Patient with Acute Methamphetamine Toxicity
Intoxication with a Nitazine (Nitazenes, Isotonitazene, Benzimidazole Opioids)
Ketamine and the K-Hole
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) After Use of Synthetic Cannabinoid Black Mamba (Spice)
Corticophobia in Patients Using Topical Corticosteroid Creams
Model of Liao et al for Predicting Statin Nonadherence Following Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
Poisoning Early Warning Score of Martin-Rodriguez et al
Tanta University Risk Model for Triaging an Acutely Poisoned Patient
ICU Requirement Score of Brandenburg et al for an Acutely Poisoned Patient
Poisoning Agitation-Sedation Score (PASS) of Abd Elghany et al for Predicting the Need for Endotracheal Intubation and Mechanical Ventilation in an Acutely Poisoned Patient with Disturbed Consciousness
CYP2C19 Activity and the Use of Citalopram or Escitalopram
Predictors of Ogunjimi et al for Adverse Drug Reactions in a Patient with Epilepsy
Chroming
Clinical Features of Diphenidol Hydrochloride Overdosage
Interactions Between Kratom and Therapeutic Drugs

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