-
Relative Centrifugal Force
-
Centrifugation Time Required Using an Alternate Rotor
-
Troubleshooting a Noisy Centrifuge
-
Kinetic Energy of a Laboratory Centrifuge
-
Recommendations of Uldall et al (IFCC 1990 Guidelines) for Centrifugation of Potentially Infectious Material
-
Buffer Composition
-
Estimation of pH for a Base
-
Estimation of pH for an Acid
-
Estimation of pH for a Salt Solution
-
Degree of Ionization for a Weak Acid or Base
-
Sorensen's (Disodium and Monopotassium) Phosphate Buffer
-
Molarity of Solutions
-
Ionic Strength of a Solution
-
Estimating the Activity Coefficient of a Dilute Solution with the Debye-Huckel Equation
-
Preparation of Isotonic Solutions
-
Reducing or Enlarging a Solution Formula
-
Volume Percent for a Solution of Two Solvents
-
Preparation of a Solution in Parts Per Million (PPM)
-
Preparation of a Bleach (Sodium Hypochlorite) Solution
-
Reducing the Osmolarity of a Solution to a Target Value
-
Electrophoretic Mobility
-
Comparing DNA Restriction Fragment Patterns in a Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE)
-
Method of Qiu et al for Removal of Fibrinogen from Plasma Using Cold Ethanol Precipitation Prior to Protein Electrophoresis
-
Troubleshooting Technical Problems During Electrophoresis
-
Identifying Interference by an Iodinated Contrast Media in Serum Capillary Zone Electropheresis
-
Osmometry and Measuring the Change in Freezing Point, Boiling Point and Vapor Pressure with Osmolality
-
Melting Temperature for Nucleic Acid Probes
-
Hybridization Rate for Nucleic Acid Probes
-
Quantitation of DNA and RNA in Solution by UV Spectrophotometry
-
Guanine-Plus-Cytosine Content of DNA by the Thermal Melting Method
-
Estimating Protein and Nucleic Acid Concentration in Bacterial Extracts by UV Spectrophotometry
-
Percent Agarose in a Gel and the Separation of Linear DNA Molecules
-
Calculating the Moles of Double Stranded DNA Ends Following Restriction Enzyme Digestion
-
Inhibition of Polymerase Chain Reaction Due to Heparin
-
Inhibitors of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in Blood
-
Inhibitors of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in Stool
-
Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) for a Detergent Being Used for Solubilization of Proteins from a Membrane
-
Troubleshooting High Background Staining with In Situ Hybridization (ISH)
-
Method of Evers et al for Removing Formaldehyde Adducts in RNA Extracted from Paraffin-Embedded Tissue
-
Concentration and Percent Transmittance
-
Beer's Law
-
Troubleshooting Cuvette-Related Problems in a Photometer
-
Nernst Equation
-
Findings Suggestive of Invalid Data
-
Determining the Capacity (Retention) Factor for a Chromatographic System
-
Determining the Proper Solvent Mix for High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to Provide a Specific Retention (Capacity) Factor
-
Using the Tailing Factor or Peak Asymmetry Factor to Evaluate Chromatographic Peak Tailing
-
Calculating the Theoretical Plate Number for a Chromatographic Peak
-
Calculating the Resolution of a Chromatographic System
-
Calculating the Dead Volume for a Chromatographic Column
-
Screening Chromatographic Results for Evidence of an Extracolumn Effect
-
Calculating the Amount of a Compound in a Sample Undergoing Chromatographic Separation
-
Calculating the Average Retention Factor Based on Chromatographic Conditions
-
Sizing a Gel Chromatography Column
-
Measurement of Photographic Image Size
-
Troubleshooting Problems with Film Image Quality
-
Determining the Proper f Stop for a Flashgun and Film Speed
-
Color Code for Axial Lead Resistors
-
NCCLS Specifications for Reagent Grade Water
-
Adjusting Water Resistivity Measurement at a Given Temperature to 25°C
-
Illuminance
-
Selecting the Right Size of Cork or Stopper
-
Handling a Frozen Glassware Joint or Bottle Cap
-
Boiling Point of a Liquid at a Given Pressure
-
Vapor Pressure of a Liquid at a Temperature Below the Boiling Point
-
Boiling Temperature of a Liquid at a Given Altitude
-
Area of a Microscopic Field of View
-
Numerical Aperture and Resolution
-
Using an Ocular Micrometer for Measurement
-
Lens Aberrations and Distortions
-
Adjusting a Microscopic Count for a Different Field of View or Per Square Millimeter
-
Correcting a Microscopic Measurement for Processing Effects By Measuring the Diameter of an Erythrocyte (RBC)
-
Adjusting a Microscopic Count for a Different Histologic Section Thickness
-
Handling of Incompletely Clotted Serum Samples
-
Collecting and Handling a Specimen for Zinc Levels
-
Maintaining the Chain of Custody for a Specimen
-
Legal Concerns in Specimen Collection
-
Rejection of a Specimen as Unacceptable
-
Unacceptable Containers for Transporting Specimens
-
Ways to Reduce Blood Loss from Phlebotomy in Hospitalized Patients
-
Recognition of a Blood Specimen with In Vitro Hemolysis
-
Risk Factors Associated with Hemolysis of a Blood Specimen
-
Sequence for Drawing Multiple Blood Specimens with Vacutainers ("Order of Draw")
-
Unsatisfactory Blood Specimens Collected on Filter Paper for a Neonatal Screening Program
-
Checking the Quality of an Evacuated Blood Tube (Vacutainer)
-
Modified Sequence for Drawing Multiple Blood Specimens ("Order of Draw") for Plastic Vacutainers
-
Potential Complications Following Skin Puncture in the Finger of an Infant
-
Effects of Pneumatic Tube System Transport on a Specimen
-
Determining the Length of a Needle Core Biopsy Needed to Obtain a Given Weight of Tissue
-
Amount of Blood to Waste When Collecting a Blood Sample from an Intravenous Catheter
-
Handling a Blood Sample for Measuring Lactate and Pyruvate
-
Problems Associated with a 24 Hour Urine Collection
-
Using Urine Creatinine Excretion to Determine the Adequacy of a 24 Hour Urine Collection
-
Collecting Blood from the Foot of a Neonate or Infant
-
Collecting Blood from the Middle Finger of an Infant
-
Indications for Skin Puncture (Finger, Ear or Heel Stick) for Blood Specimen Collection
-
Laboratory Values That May Be Misleading in a Specimen Collected from a Skin Puncture
-
Preparation of Platelet-Free Plasma (Platelet Poor Plasma, PPP)
-
When to Inspect a Pneumatic Tube System Used for Delivering Specimens
-
Collecting Blood By Skin Puncture From the Finger of an Older Child or Adult
-
Arterialization of a Skin Puncture Sample By Warming the Skin
-
Volume of Blood to Collect for a Blood Culture
-
Collecting a Blood Culture to Prevent a False Negative Result from Concurrent Antibiotic Therapy
-
Changes in the Composition of an Unpreserved and Unrefrigerated Urine Specimen Over Time
-
Equation of Berger and Richichi for Correcting a Serum Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE) Concentration for Hemolysis
-
Blood Specimen Handling and Serum Procainamide Levels
-
The Need to Evaluate a Swab-Based Collection and Transport System in Microbiology
-
Rejection of a Stool Specimen for Clostridium difficile Testing
-
Ways to Handle an “Unacceptable” Specimen
-
Surgical Specimens Excluded from Pathologic Examination or Designated Gross Examination Only
-
Cost Analysis of Solvent Recycling by Distillation
-
Pouring Chemical Solutions into a Sink
-
The Michaelis-Menten Equation for the an Enzyme-Catalyzed Reaction
-
The Lineweaver-Burk Plot for an Enzyme-Catalyzed Reaction
-
Procedure for Determining the Volume Error for a Pipette
-
Percent Carryover
-
Analysis of a Structural Formula for Rings Plus Double Bonds
-
Calculation of the Percentage Total Ionization
-
Viability Score for Endometrial Implants on the Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane
-
Tissue Culture Failure
-
Volume of Urine or Body Fluid from Specific Gravity and Weight
-
Converting the Concentration of a Solute in Serum to Serum Water at a Given Specific Gravity
-
Calculating the Yield from a Synthetic Reaction
-
Poiseuille's Law and Effect of a Parameter Change on Fluid Flow
-
Using a Standard Curve for a Laboratory Analysis
-
Determining the Detection Limit for an Analytic Technique
-
When to Perform Calibration Verification of an Analytical Method
-
Coulometry
-
Guidelines for the Acceptable Use of Animals in Research
-
Identifying a Patient Who May Be Having an Interference With an Immunoassay
-
Performing a Complete Blood Count (CBC) on a Lipemic Sample
-
False Elevations in Hemoglobin, Mean Cell Hemoglobin and Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration in a Patient with Paraproteinemia
-
False Elevations in Inorganic Phosphate (Pseudohyperphosphatemia) Measured by the Ammonium Molybdate Method in Patients with Paraproteinemia
-
Identifying Matrix Effect in Proficiency Test and Calibration Materials
-
Unexpected Color of a Blood Sample
-
Falsely Low Concentrations Associated with Partial Thawing of a Frozen Specimen
-
Falsely Elevated Whole Blood Glucose Caused By Maltose with a Glucometer Using Glucose Dehydrogenase Test Strips
-
Risk Factors for Falsely Depressed Serum Calcium Concentrations Associated with Gadolinium Contrast Medium for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
-
Estimating the Amount of Contamination in a Blood Sample Drawn from an Indwelling Line Infusing a Glucose Solution
-
Correction of the Sodium Concentration Measured by an Indirect Ion-Sensitive Electrode in Hyperlipidemia
-
Correction of Chloride Concentration Measured by an Indirect Ion-Sensitive Electrode in Hyperlipidemia
-
Corrected Potassium Concentration Measured by an Indirect Ion-Sensitive Electrode in a Patient with Hyperlipidemia
-
False Results for Glycosylated Hemoglobin (Hemoglobin A1c) by the Ion Exchange Resin Method in a Patient with an Abnormal Hemoglobin
-
Gel Formation After the Heating of a Serum Specimen Due to a Pyroglobulin
-
Spurious Laboratory Results from Transferring a Blood Sample Collected in EDTA into Another Tube Type
-
Analytes with Decreased Levels Following Exposure to Light
-
Causes of a False Value for Copper in a Tissue Specimen
-
Impact of Color Blindness on the Accuracy of Dipstick or Other Tests Involving a Color Change
-
Wide Fluctuations of Serum Parathyroid Hormone Concentrations in a Patient After a Total Parathyroidectomy with Autotransplantation
-
Carry-Over or "Floaters" in a Smear or Histologic Section
-
False Positive Immunological Assay Caused by Human Anti-Animal Antibodies (HAMA, HARA or HAGA)
-
Artifactual (Pseudo) Hypoglycemia or Normoglycemia Associated with Leukocytosis
-
Evaluating a Decrease in Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Activity
-
False Negative Microbiological Studies Associated with Labile Microorganisms
-
False Positive Bacterial Cultures of Subcutaneous Wound or Abscess
-
False Negative Serologic Tests for Syphilis in an HIV-Infected Patient
-
Equation of Parry for Correcting a Serum Creatinine Concentration Determined by the Jaffe Method for Albumin
-
False Negative Microbiological Studies Associated with Non-Labile Microorganisms
-
Reasons for a Misleading Serum or Plasma Vitamin A Levels
-
Use of Lipoclear to Correct Chemistry Tests for Lipemia
-
Corrected Potassium Concentration in a Hemolyzed Specimen
-
Possible Causes of a False Positive Screening Test for Syphilis
-
Troubleshooting a False Positive, False Negative or Unexpected Antigen-Antibody Reaction
-
Troubleshooting an Unexpected Increase in the International Normalized Ratio (INR)
-
False Negative PCR for Hepatitis C Virus Due to a Cryoglobulin
-
When Culture Isolation of a Bacterial Species That is Usually a Contaminant May Represent a True Infection
-
Reasons for a Higher Than Expected Level of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity in a Patient with G6PD Deficiency
-
Falsely Elevated Results in an Assay Using Latex Particles for a Patient with Monoclonal Gammopathy
-
Evaluating Drug Interference with a Laboratory Test
-
Evaluating a Failure in a Proficiency Challenge
-
Effects of Blood Transfusion on Laboratory Tests
-
Persistent Elevation of Enzyme Activity Associated with a Macroenzyme
-
False Positive Radioallergosorbent Test (RAST) Associated with a High Serum IgE Level
-
Troubleshooting an Unexpected Laboratory Value By Specimen Redraw and Analysis on a Different Instrument
-
Troubleshooting an Unexpected Decrease in the International Normalized Ratio (INR)
-
Increased Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Associated with Benign Familial Hyperphosphatasemia
-
Causes of a False Negative Urine Pregancy Test
-
Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNFalpha) Levels in a Patient Being Treated with a Humanized Antibody Against TNFalpha
-
Troubleshooting Erratic Test Results Associated with a Reagent That Has Deteriorated During Shipping
-
Discrepancy Between a Serum Level of a Drug or Hormone and a Physiologic Marker in a Patient Who Is Noncompliant But Takes a Medication Before the Next Visit With a Physician
-
False Positive Tests Associated with Rheumatoid Factor (RF)
-
Causes of a False Positive Blood Culture in an Automated Blood Culture Analyzer
-
Factors Contributing to a Delay in Diagnosis of Bacteremia Due to Nonfermenting Bacteria by an Automated Blood Culture System
-
Transient Serologic Changes Associated with Immune Globulin Therapy
-
Causes of a False Positive Antigen Test for Histoplasma
-
Green Plasma Associated with Elevated Serum Ceruloplasmin and Copper
-
False Positive Elevation in the Concentration of Blood Ammonia
-
False Positive Serology Testing After Therapy with Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) Therapy
-
Serum Macroaspartasemia (Aspartate Aminotransferase Macroenzyme Complex, Pseudo Elevation of Serum AST)
-
False Negative Testing for Ketoacidosis When Using Nitroprusside-Based Methods (Acetest, Ketostix)
-
Factitious Hypoxemia or Methemoglobinemia Associated with Isosulfan Blue (Lymphazurin) Used for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
-
Pseudoepidemic Associated with a Molecular Diagnostic Test
-
Serum CA 19-9 Levels and Lewis Antigen Genotype
-
Counterfeit Blood Glucose Test Strips
-
Troubleshooting the Gram Stain
-
Pseudothrombocytosis Due to Microorganisms
-
Artifactual Elevation of the Serum Total Bilirubin in a Patient with a Paraprotein
-
Estimating the Air Handling Requirements Based on Room Size and Air Exchanges
-
Estimating Laboratory Space Needs
-
Checklist for Ensuring the Accuracy of Personal Monitoring Devices
-
Factors Affecting the Accuracy of Results from Blood Glucose Monitoring
-
When Quality Control (QC) Should Be Run on a Point of Care Instrument
-
Pretest Checklist for a Waived Test
-
Testing Checklist for a Waived Test
-
Effect of High Altitude on Glucometer Results
-
Equations of Mann et al for Correcting a Glucometer Result for Anemia
-
Features of an Effective Bedside Glucose Monitoring Program
-
Checklist of Alto et al for Evaluating Factors Affecting the Accuracy of Home Glucose Monitoring
-
Failures in Compliance That May Impact a Laboratory with a Certificate of Waiver to Perform Only Waived Testing
-
Determining the Molecular Weight of a Compound from Its Chemical Formula
-
Determining the Molecular Weight of a Protein By Sephadex Gel Filtration
-
Volatility and Relative Persistency of a Chemical Compound
-
Storage Limits on Flammable and Combustible Liquids
-
Handling Cryogenic Fluids and Solids (Liquid and Solid Gas)
-
Selecting Personal Protective Equipment for the Eyes and Face While Working in the Laboratory
-
Indications for Wearing Gloves While Working in the Laboratory
-
Prevention of Superheating While Boiling a Liquid
-
Identification of the Patient at Risk for Hematoma Formation Associated With Arterial Blood Sampling
-
Evaluation of Collateral Circulation in the Hand Prior to Arterial Blood Sampling from the Radial Artery (Modified Allen Test and/or Ultrasonography)
-
FDA Criteria for CLIA Test Categorization
-
Volume in a Round Bottom Flask
-
Volume in an Erlenmeyer Flask
-
Grades of Chemical Reagents
-
Using Heat Inactivation to Identify Isoenzymes Causing an Elevation in Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Activity
-
Selection Criteria for Subjects Used to Determine a Normal Reference Range
-
Failure in Patient Compliance with Outpatient Testing
-
Handling Containers of Ethyl or Isopropyl Ether
-
Handling Picric Acid
-
Hazards of Azide Salts
-
Hazards of Oxidizing Agents
-
Hazards in Handling Perchloric Acid and Perchlorates
-
Environmental Monitoring for Formaldehyde
-
Identifying Sources of Mercury in the Laboratory
-
Handling of Ammoniacal Silver Stain in the Histology Laboratory
-
Phenotypic Markers in the Identification of a Patient Specimen
-
Forensic Identity Techniques for Positively Identifying the Source of a Specimen
-
Cleanup of an Elemental Mercury Spill
-
Cleanup of a Strong Acid Spill
-
Golf Score Card Tool of Baker et al for Evaluation of an Analytical Instrument
-
Reasons for Replacing an Existing Laboratory Instrument
-
Practicability of an Instrument
-
Troubleshooting High Background Staining on Immunohistochemistry
-
Troubleshooting Negative or Weak Immunohistochemical Staining
-
Quantitating Cell Populations Using Two Immunostains
-
Troubleshooting Tissue Autofluorescence During Immunofluorescence
-
Troubleshooting a Refrigerator That is Outside Its Temperature Range
-
Monitoring Cold Storage
-
Checklist for Relocating an Automated Laboratory Analyzer
-
Fixatives for a Sample To Be Submitted for Cytology
-
Boric Acid as a Urine Preservative
-
Formaldehyde and Formalin Solutions
-
GEWF (Glacial Acetic Acid, Ethanol, Water, Formaldehyde) Solution for Fixation and Identification of Lymph Nodes Within Fat
-
Volume of Quadrant Folded Filter Paper in a Funnel
-
Algorithm for Selection of Qualitative Filter Paper
-
Algorithm for Selection of Quantitative Filter Paper
-
Distribution Coefficient and Extraction of a Solute Between 2 Solvents
-
Thermometer Stem Correction to the Measured Temperature
-
Density and Refractive Index for a Sucrose Gradient
-
Density and Refractive Index for a Glycerol Gradient
-
Density and Refractive Index for a Cesium Chloride Gradient
-
Density and Refractive Index for a Diatrizoate Sodium Gradient
-
College of American Pathologists (CAP) Requirements for Document Control
-
Autoverification of Test Results
-
Slush Baths of Rondeau for Mixing Solvents with Liquid Nitrogen
-
Preparing a Cooling Bath with Dry Ice and Xylene
-
Preparing a Cooling Bath with Dry Ice and Various Solvents
-
Preparing a Cooling Bath with Dry Ice and a Mixture of Ethanol Plus Ethylene Glycol
-
Determining the Pitch Date for a Specimen or Record
-
Troubleshooting Chatter in Histologic Sections
-
Troubleshooting a Curved Ribbon of Sections on the Microtome
-
Troubleshooting the Grocott Methenamine Silver (GMS) Stain
-
Troubleshooting Alternating Thick and Thin Sections on a Microtome
-
Formalin Pigment in Histologic Sections
-
Malarial Pigment in Histologic Sections
-
Mercury Pigment in Histologic Sections
-
Troubleshooting Staining with Hematoxylin
-
Troubleshooting Histologic Sections Sticking to the Block on the Return Stoke
-
Troubleshooting Overstaining with Eosin
-
Troubleshooting a Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) Stain After Diastase Digestion
-
Destaining a Slide for Restaining
-
Improving Adherence of a Histologic Section or Cell Layer to a Slide
-
Conditions That Can Dissolve the Glass of a pH Electrode
-
Troubleshooting a pH Meter Giving Erratic or Drifting Results
-
Shapes for a pH Electrode Membrane
-
Deciding Whether to Perform a Test In-House
-
Selecting a Reference Laboratory
-
Optical Purity and a Mixture of Enantiomers
-
Factors Affecting the Turnaround Time (TAT) for a Test
-
Requirements for the Performance of a Molecular Test in a Clinical Laboratory
-
Adjusting the Specific Gravity of a Fixative Solution to Allow an Organ to Float
-
Reflex Ordering of Molecular Tests
-
Initial Steps of Carter for Reviewing the Evidence for a Molecular Test (3-Step Evidence Check)
-
Second Tier Steps of Carter for Reviewing the Evidence for a Molecular Test (3-Step Evidence Check)
-
Wrong Blood in Tube (WBIT)
-
Risk Factors for Acid Damage of Waste Pipes in the Laboratory
-
False-Positive Immunoassay Due to Patient Anti-Streptavidin Antibody
-
Falsely Elevated Cell Counts in a Body Fluid As Measured in a Coulter Counter
-
False Elevation of IgG and IgA Concentrations By Nephelometry Due to IgM Monocloncal Protein
-
Falsely Elevated Serum Testosterone Concentrations Due to Application of Testosterone Gel Near the Phlebotomy Site
-
Reasons for a False-Positive Gram Stain
-
Costs, Benefits and Problems of Point of Care (POC) Testing
-
Causes of a Discrepancy Between a Hemoglobin or Hematocrit Value Determined on a Conductivity-Based Point-of-Care Instrument (iStat, Other) and Other Hematology Analyzers
-
Requirements for a Laboratory’s Director
-
Sources of Serum Intestinal Isoenzyme of Alkaline Phosphatase
-
Causes of Elevation in the Alkaline Phosphatase Bone Isoenzyme
-
Cancer-Related Placenta-Like Alkaline Phosphatase (PLAP): Regan, Nagao and Other Isoenzymes
-
Troubleshooting a Failure of a Ribbon to Form While Cutting Paraffin Sections
-
Troubleshooting Sections That Crumble and a Specimen That Shatters When Cutting
-
Troubleshooting Sections That Are Wrinkled, Compressed or Jammed Together
-
Knife Angle in the Microtome
-
Handling Static Electricity in the Histology Laboratory
-
Failures of Shipping with Dry Ice
-
Classification of Biological Materials for Shipping
-
Determining If the Repeat Ordering of a Laboratory Test Is Appropriate
-
Strategies for Improving the Appropriate Use of Laboratory Tests
-
Factors Affecting Patient Misidentification in the Collection of Laboratory Specimens
-
Preventing Specimen Misidentification Errors
-
Algorithm of Frothingham for Balanced Loading of a Centrifuge Rotor
-
Selecting Tumor in a Paraffin Block for Molecular Studies
-
Discrepancy Between Results for a Molecular Marker Between Immunohistochemisty (IHC) and Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH)
-
Problems Associated with Drawing Blood from a Line Used to Infuse a Drug
-
Pseudohyperphosphatemia Secondary to Therapy with Liposomal Amphotericin B
-
Removal of Lipemic Interference in a Serum or Plasma Specimen
-
Estimating the Number of Erythocytes Ruptured in a Hemolyzed Specimen
-
Percent Laboratory Test Interference
-
Handling a Problem in Laboratory Specimen Identification
-
Checklist for Selecting the Best Tubing for a Laboratory Application
-
Conditions Associated with an Increased Turnaround Time (TAT) for a Frozen Section
-
Situations for Which a Frozen Section May Be Inappropriate or Unnecessary
-
Method of Bone Decalcification for FISH and Other Molecular Tests Based on DNA or RNA
-
Silanization (Siliconization) of Glassware
-
Laboratory Glassware Scratches
-
Density of a Finding Based on Microscopic Examination
-
Propofol-Related Lipemia
-
Maintaining Uric Acid in a Blood Sample from a Patient Being Treated with Rasburicase
-
Daratumumab (DARA, Anti-CD38) and Interference with Blood Compatibility Testing
-
Causes of Pseudo-Reticulocytosis on a Hematology Analyzer
-
Falsely Elevated Capillary Glucose and Ketone Concentrations Due to Hydroquinone in Skin Lightening Cream
-
Discrepancies in Serum Sodium Concentrations Determined by Direct versus Indirect Ion-Selective Electrodes (ISE) Associated with the Serum Total Protein Concentration
-
Adjustment of Wener et al for the Upper Limit of Normal (ULN) for C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Based on Age, Race and Gender
-
Classes of Oxidizing Agents
-
Hazards of Pyridine
-
Piranha Solution and Precautions for Its Use
-
Differential Staining of Clear Polarizable Microcrystals in Histologic Sections
-
Ten Commandments for the Use of Piranha Solution to Clean Glassware
-
Consequence of Dirty Laboratory Glassware
-
Algorithm of Jeong et al for Triaging a Specimen for Dilution Based on Data in the Laboratory Information System (LIS)
-
Troubleshooting a Patient with Possible Macroamylasemia
-
LDH Isoenzymes
-
Recognition of a Plant Seed in a Histologic Section
-
Criteria for an Advanced Diagnostic Laboratory Test (ADLT)
-
Risk Factors of Lin et al for a False Positive PCR Test for Norovirus
-
Minimizing Pain and Distress in Laboratory Animals
-
Troubleshooting Results of the Fecal Immunochemical Test for Occult Blood in the Stool (FIT, FICT, FOBT)
-
False Negative Tests Associated with Exposure to Formalin
-
Risk Factors for a False-Negative Result with QuantiFERON-TB Gold Test for Tuberculosis
-
Prevention of Cross-Contamination
-
Handling of Phenol in the Laboratory
-
Femoral Venipuncture for Specimen Collection
-
Minimizing the Number of Venipuncture Attempts ("Sticks") During Phlebotomy
-
Low Serum Total Thyroxine (T4) Associated with Low Serum Thyroxine Binding Globulin (TBG)
-
False-Positive Urine Odor Mistaken for Maple Syrup Urine Disease (Pseudo-MSUD) Associated with Herbal Tea (Fenugreek)
-
Interference with Laboratory Tests Associated with High Dietary Intake of Biotin
-
OSHA Guidance for Ergonomic-Related Issues Related to Microscope Use in the Laboratory
-
OSHA Guidance for Ergonomic-Related Issues in the Laboratory: Pipetting
-
Formula for Rings Plus Pi Bonds
-
Using a Sterile Sputum Trap to Collect a Body Fluid Sample
-
Impact of Initiating Therapy in an Emergency Prior to Collecting Blood Specimens
-
False Positive Bacterial Cultures and Pseudo-Outbreak Due to Contamination of a Multidose Culture Media Supplement
-
Interference with aPTT-Based Assays By Emicizumab
-
Inaccurate Thyroglobulin Concentrations Associated with Thyroglobulin Autoantibodies
-
Macro-TSH (Macro-Thyrotropin) with Elevated Serum TSH
-
Persistently Low Serum Alkaline Phosphatase
-
Causes of False Positive and False Negative Results for Tuberculosis Using the T-SPOT.TB Test
-
False Positive Pregnancy Test Following Transfusion of a Blood Product
-
Differential Diagnosis of an Elevated Serum CA125 Concentration
-
Differential Diagnosis of a Persistently Low Hemoglobin A1c
-
Troubleshooting a Negative Cervical Cone Biopsy
-
Patient Factors Affecting Results of a Breath Test
-
False Elevation of the Serum Aluminum Concentration
-
Normal Pyruvate Kinase Levels in a Patient with Red Cell Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency
-
False Results with Tests for Detecting Rupture of the Fetal Membranes (ROM)
-
Causes for an Unexpected Elevation of Serum Procalcitonin
-
Maintaining an Inventory of Controls for Histochemical and Immunohistochemical Stains
-
Troubleshooting Sections with Scratches or Tears
-
Troubleshooting the Congo Red Stain
-
Artifacts from Poor (Incomplete) Fixation
-
Artifacts from Poor Tissue Processing
-
Artifacts from Tissue Being Excessively Dehydrated During Processing
-
Artifacts from Tissue Being Over-Decalcified
-
Artifacts from Tissue Being Under-Decalcified
-
Artifactual Cell Shrinkage
-
Histologic Sections Too Thick
-
Incomplete Histologic Sections
-
Wavy Histologic Section
-
Histologic Sections Showing Cracks and Fissures
-
Histologic Features of Lipofuscin
-
Patient Request for a Medically-Unnecessary Laboratory Test
-
Degree of Unsaturation for a Chemical
-
Cold Enrichment of Gram-Negative Enteric Bacteria
-
Potassium Permanganate
-
Extreme Separation of Tissue Elements in the Histologic Section
-
Eosin Understaining (Light Cytoplasmic Staining)
-
Hemophilus Species and Requirements for X and V Factors
-
Distinguishing an Aerotolerant Clostridium Species from a Facultatively Anaerobic Bacillus Species
-
Types of Hemolysis Shown By Bacterial Cultures on Blood Agar
-
Bile Solubility Test for Streptococcus pneumoniae
-
PYR Test for Streptococci
-
Coagulase Test for Staphylococcus aureus
-
Optochin Susceptibility in Streptococcus pneumoniae
-
Indole Test
-
Catalase Activity
-
Voges-Proskauer Test
-
ONPG (ortho-Nitrophenyl-beta-D-Galactopyranoside) Test
-
Nitrate Reduction to Nitrite
-
Citrate Utilization
-
Decarboxylases
-
Phenylalanine Deaminase
-
Esculin and Bile Esculin Hydrolysis Tests
-
CAMP Test for Group B Streptococci
-
Salt Tolerance Test for Enterococci
-
Rapid Carbohydrate Utilization by Pathogenic Neisseria
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Cytochrome Oxidase
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Urease Test
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Hugh and Leifson Oxidative-Fermentation (OF) Test
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False Elevation of Potassium in a Fingerstick Specimen
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Analytical Interference Associated with Lipid Resuscitation Therapy of Acute Poisoning
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Causes of an Elevated Serum Lipase When Pancreatitis Has Been Ruled Out
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False Elevation in D-Dimer Test Associated with Iron Sucrose Infusion
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Laboratory Test Interference Associated with Ethanol
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False Elevation of Blood Lactate Concentrations in Point of Care Testing from a Patient with Ethylene Glycol Poisoning
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Electrical Supply for an Instrument or Device
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Pitfalls in Detecting Amyloid in a Congo Red Stain
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Troubleshooting a Centrifuge with Broken Glass Tubes
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Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS)
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Impact of an Infusion of Ringer's Lactate on the Serum Lactate Concentration
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Micromegakaryocytes in the Peripheral Blood Smear
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Urine Biomarkers for Determining If the Diagnosis of a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) on the Basis of the Urinary Leukocyte Esterase Is a True or False Positive
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Paraneoplastic (Inappropriate) Expression of Lewis Antigens
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Pseudoparaproteinemia Due to Iopamidol
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Pseudo Elevation of Serum LDH Activity Associated with Macro-LDH
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Falsely Elevated Automated Platelet Count in Malaria
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Troubleshooting Low Oxygen Saturation Readings from a Point of Care Device
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Troubleshooting Nonspecific Staining with the Reticulin Stain
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Troubleshooting Problems with Nuclear Staining with the Trichrome Stain
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Problems Related to Mounting Media
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Hematoxylin and Eosin Stained Section Hazy or with Eosin Bleeding
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Blue Staining of Eosinophilic Tissue in Hematoxylin and Eosin Stained Section
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Possible Explanations for Cell Nuclei Being Too Dark or Too Light in a Hematoxylin and Eosin Stain
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Pruning the Laboratory Test Menu
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Indications for and Problems Associated with a Laboratory-Developed Test (LDT)
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Measuring the Concentration of Protein in Solution Using Spectrophotometry
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Causes of Pseudothrombocytosis in an Automated Platelet Count
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Troubleshooting an Elevated Mean Cell Volume (MCV)
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Interference of N-Acetylcysteine (ANC) Therapy with Chemistry Tests
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False Elevation of Serum Vitamin D Concentrations Caused by Monoclonal Proteins
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OSHA Guidance for Ergonomic-Related Issues in the Laboratory: Computer Workstation
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Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEchERS) Extraction Method
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Troubleshooting Pale Staining of Elastic Fibers Stained with the Verhoeff Method
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Use of an Accelerometer in the Validation of a Hospital Pneumatic Tube System
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Troubleshooting a Centrifuge That Does Not Start
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Pretreatment of Plasma with Reptilase Prior to Protein Electrophoresis
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Bone Specimen Preparation for DNA Sampling
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Hyperkalemia and Elevated Serum Carbon Dioxide Associated with Saltpeter (Potassium Nitrate) Ingestion
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Macro-Alkaline Phosphatase As a Cause of Persistent Elevation of Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Activity
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Macro Creatine Kinase (Macro CK)
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Monoclonal Band in Serum Protein Electrophoresis Due to Therapy with a Monoclonal Antibody (SPE)
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Troubleshooting an Apparent False Elevation of the Serum Troponin Concentration
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Chemicals Interfering with Serum Capillary Zone Electrophoresis
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Falsely Decreased Serum HDL Cholesterol (HDLC) and/or LDL Cholesterol (LDCL) Associated with Paraproteinemia
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Weak Mucin Staining in a Mucicarmine Stain
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Excessive Background Staining with an Alcian Blue Stain for Mucin
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Photoreactivity of Mycobacteria
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Niacin Accumulation in Mycobacterial Speciation
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Troubleshooting a Centrifuge Showing Excessive Vibrations
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Causes of Pseudohyperchloremia
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False Positive Heparin-PF4 Immunoturbidimetric Assay Due to Lupus Anticoagulant
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False Elevation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Alpha-Synuclein Associated with Blood Contamination
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False-Positive Pregnancy Test Associated with Paraneoplastic HCG Production
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False Elevation of Vitamin B12 Concentration in a Patient with Myeloma
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Impact of Parenteral Lipid Emulsions on White Blood Cell Parameters from an Automated Hematology Analyzer
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Consequences of a False-Positive or False-Negative Test Result for a Home Test for COVID-19
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Immunohistochemical Staining of Necrotic or Decomposed Tissue
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False-Negative Staining of Gram-Positive Bacteria in a Tissue Gram Stain
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False-Negative Staining of Gram-Negative Bacteria in a Gram Stain
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False-Positive or False-Negative Results with a Rapid Malaria Test
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False Positive Results for a Rapid COVID-19 Test
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Causes of a False-Positive Assay for Aspergillus Galactomannan
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Causes of a False Positive Cryptococcal Antigen Test
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Causes of a False-Negative Immunoassay for Cryptococcal Antigen
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Factors Affecting the Accuracy of an Analytical Balance
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Poor Contrast in a Hematoxylin and Eosin Stain
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Causes for Suboptimal Nuclear Staining in a Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) Stain
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Blue or Purple Precipitates in Histologic Sections Due to Hematoxylin
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Uneven Staining with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E)
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Requirements for Releasing Clinical Tissue Samples for Clinical Research
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False Elevations in Plasma D-Dimer Concentrations Due to Heterophile Antibodies
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Heterophile Antibodies and False Positive Immunoassays
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Troubleshooting an Immunoassay for Total Serum Vitamin B12
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Pseudothrombocytosis and Schistocytosis Associated with Thermal Burns
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False-Positive Screening Test for Beta-Thalassemia Trait in Megaloblastic Anemia
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Causes of False-Positive Urine Ketone Test (Acetest, Ketostix)
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Maximum Allowable Blood Draw Volume
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Troubleshooting a Hematoxylin and Eosin Stained Slide with Red or Brown Nuclei
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Troubleshooting Holes in a Histologic Section (Moth Eaten Effect)
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Catalyst
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Failure of Serum PSA to Detect Prostate Cancer in a Patient Treated with a 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitor
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Risk Factors for a False-Positive Fecal Hemoglobin Immunochemical Test
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False Positive Bacterial Detection of a Platelet Concentrate: AABB Criteria
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False Positive Bacterial Detection Rate of a Platelet Concentrate: Benjamin/McDonald System
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Causes of a False-Positive IgM Antibody Test for Hepatitis A Virus (HAV)
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Urine Biomarkers That Can Reduce False Positive Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Children
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False Positivity of Rapid HIV Diagnostic Tests Associated with Malaria
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Inappropriate Stool Testing in a Hospitalized Patient
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Reasons Why a Clinician May Order an Unnecessary Test or Procedure
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Falsely Elevated Serum Estradiol Concentrations Tested By Immunoassay
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Failures of Hemoglobin A1c Measurement in a Patient with a Hemoglobinopathy
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Glycated Albumin Levels in a Diabetic Patient with Iron Deficiency Anemia
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Troubleshooting a False Negative Newborn Screening Test for Cystic Fibrosis
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False Positive PCR Test Due to Carryover of RNA from a Previous Analysis of the Specimen
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Precipitation of Immune Complexes with Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)
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Safety Concerns in the Storage Room
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Clinical Findings of Hamilton et al for Needle Phobia
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Lot-to-Lot Variation in Reagents
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Analytical Validation of an Immunohistochemical (IHC) Assay: Initial Evaluation
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Analytical Validation of an Immunohistochemical (IHC) Assay: Subsequent Evaluation
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Troubleshooting Muscle in a Trichrome Stain That Is Unstained or Grey
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Troubleshooting Western Blot: Weak or No Signal
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Troubleshooting Western Blot: High Background
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Use of the Icterus Index to Troubleshoot Interference in the Serum Total Bilirubin Test Caused by Hypergammaglobulinemia
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Pseudohyperglycemia Due to High-Dose Intravenous Vitamin C
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Predictors of Chiu et al for a False-Positive Fourth Generation HIV Test in a Cancer Patient
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Hazard Prevention for Systems Under Pressure
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Cyber Safety and Laboratory Equipment
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Interruption of Utilities
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Troubleshooting Background Staining in the Gram Stain Performed on a Histologic Section
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VIO Score of Dumm et al for Selecting Specimens for Bacterial Broad-Range 16S rRNA Gene PCR
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Troubleshooting Western Blot: Diffuse or Nonspecific Bands
