Bradycardia can occur in the perioperative period for a number of reasons. It is important to distinguish transient bradycardia of limited significance from potentially life-threatening disorders.
Possible causes of bradycardia in the perioperative period:
(1) medications (dexamethasone, other)
(2) spinal anesthesia
(3) oculocardiac or trigemincardiac reflex
(4) seizure disorder
(5) acute myocardial infarction
(6) cardiac arrhythmia (sick sinus, etc)
(7) electrolyte imbalance
(8) hypoxemia
(9) hypercapnia
(10) liver transplantation in children
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