A patient with benign extramedullary hematopoiesis may show a number of clinical findings. Some patients are asymptomatic with the disorder found incidentally.
General systemic findings:
(1) fatigue
(2) weakness
(3) night sweats
(4) peripheral edema
(5) chills
(6) early satiety
Spinal, paraspinal and cerebral findings:
(1) radicular pain
(2) paresthesias
(3) myelopathy with weakness, incontinence or other findings
Ocular findings:
(1) orbital proptosis
(2) visual impairment
Cardiac and pulmonary findings:
(1) pleural effusion
(2) pericardial effusion with tamponade
(3) acute respiratory failure
(4) subglottic stenosis
(5) dyspnea
(6) orthopnea
Abdominal and pelvic findings:
(1) ascites
(2) chronic renal insufficiency
(3) acute renal failure
(4) abdominal and/or pelvic pain
(5) nausea and vomiting (second to adhesions, with partial bowel obstruction)
Other:
(1) skin rash
(2) lymphadenopathy
The foci of extramedullary hematopoiesis are exquisitely sensitive to radiation. Radiation is usually not given unless indicated. Clinical indications for radiation therapy include clinical deterioration with:
(1) ocular involvement with visual impairment
(2) progressive disease involving the brain and/or spine
(3) acute renal failure
(4) acute respiratory failure
Specialty: Hematology Oncology, Clinical Laboratory