Hoyme et al reported criteria for evaluating a pediatric patient for features of the Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. This included criteria for alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND). The authors are from multiple institutions in the United States and South Africa.
Patient selection: child being evaluated for a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) with age > 3 years (The diagnosis cannot be definitively made for a child less than 3 years of age)
Criteria for alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) - both of the following:
(1) documented prenatal maternal alcohol exposure
(2) neurobehavioral impairment
Neurobehavioral impairment involves one of the following:
(1) Cognitive deficit in at least 2 neurobehavioral domains ≥1.5 SD below the mean (executive functioning, specific learning impairment, memory impairment or visual-spatial impairment)
(2) Cognitive deficit with global impairment (general conceptual ability ≥1.5 SD below the mean, or performance IQ or verbal IQ or spatial IQ ≥1.5 SD)
(3) Evidence of behavioral deficit in at least 2 domains ≥1.5 SD below the mean in impairments of self-regulation (mood or behavioral regulation impairment, attention deficit, or impulse control)
