Patient selection: receipt of cyclophosphamide prior to 16 years of age
Complications:
(1) dental developmental defects, inckuding microdontia and dental aplasia
(2) very low saliva flow (with xerostomia)
where:
• Dental developmental defects were measured using Holtta's defect index.
• Low saliva flow was 0.7 to 1.0 mL per minute and very low saliva flow was < 0.7 mL/min.
Dental developmental defects were associated with any therapy with cyclophosphamide, with the risk greater if the total cumulative dose was >= 7,500 mg per square meter.
Additional risk factors for dental abnormalities:
(1) younger age at the start of treatment
(2) HPCT (hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation, stem cell transplant)
(3) irradiation (total body, head and neck)
