Differential Diagnosis of a Life-Threatening Illness with Muscular Rigidity and Altered Mental Status

 

Neuropsychiatric conditions:

(1) lethal catatonia (malignant catatonia)

(2) neuroleptic malignant syndrome

(3) serotonin syndrome

 

Endocrine disorders:

(1) thyroid storm

 

Metabolic conditions:

(1) severe hypocalcemia

(2) severe hypoglycemia

(3) heatstroke

 

Drug or toxin related:

(1) drug or ethanol withdrawal

(2) anticholinergic overdose

(3) sympathomimetic overdose

(4) malignant hyperthermia

 

Infectious diseases:

(1) rabies

(2) tetanus

(3) central nervous system infection

 

Other:

(1) dystonia

(2) central nervous system hemorrhage