Several drugs have been implicated as the cause of hyponatremia. The mechanisms vary depending on the drug.
Drugs associated with hyponatremia include:
(1) amiodarone
(2) barbiturates
(3) captopril
(4) carbamazepine (stimulates vasopressin V2 receptor in the kidney)
(5) carboplatin
(6) chlorpromazine
(7) chlorpropamide (stimulates vasopressin V2 receptor in the kidney)
(8) chlorthalidone (diuretic)
(9) cisplatin
(10) clofibrate
(11) cyclophosphamide (stimulates vasopressin V2 receptor in the kidney)
(12) desmopressin (AVP analogue)
(13) enalopril
(14) furosemide (loop diuretic)
(15) haloperidol (stimulates vasopressin V2 receptor in the kidney)
(16) ifosfamide (stimulates release of arginine vasopressin)
(17) indapamide (diuretic)
(18) metolazone (diuretic)
(19) morphine
(20) NSAIDs
(21) oxytocin (AVP analogue)
(22) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (stimulates vasopressin V2 receptor in the kidney)
(23) theophylline
(24) thiazide diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide, bendroflumethiazole)
(25) tolbutamide
(26) tricyclic antidepressants
(27) vinblastine
(28) vincristiine (stimulates release of arginine vasopressin)
Clinical features of drug-induced hyponatremia:
(1) appearance of, or worsening of, hyponatremia after starting drug
(2) no other diagnosis explains the hyponatremia better
(3) the hyponatremia reverses after the implicated drug is discontinued
