Causes and Risk Factors for Resistant Hypertension

 

Diseases associated with resistant hypertension:

(1) primary hyperaldosteronism (Conn's disease)

(2) atherosclerosis with renovascular disease and/or aortic stiffening

(3) obstructive sleep apnea

(4) chronic kidney disease

(5) pheochromocytoma

(6) coarctation of the aorta

(7) Cushing's disease

(8) hyperparathyroidism

 

Patient findings associated with greater risk of poor blood pressure control:

(1) older age

(2) Black race

(3) high dietary sodium intake

(4) high baseline blood pressure

(5) long history of poorly-controlled hypertension

(6) diabetes mellitus

(7) obesity