Bone cement (methylmethacrylate) is useful but can pose a number of hazards in the operating room. Steps should be in place to minimize risk associated with its use.
Hazards:
(1) inhalation of fumes, with coughing, sore throat, and bronchial spasm
(2) chemical or allergic conjunctivitis with tearing
(3) chemical or allergic contact dermatitis (itching, burning, erythema, swelling, etc)
Systemic effects after inhalation:
(1) headache
(2) drowsiness
(3) weakness
(4) fatigue
(5) dizziness
(6) anorexia
(7) intoxication
Preventive measures:
(1) good operating room ventilation with laminar flow
(2) restricted exposure in pregnant personnel
(3) physical barriers to limit the number of people exposed
(4) personal protective equipment (PPE)
(5) proper disposal of unused cement
(6) safe handling to avoid spills
Environmental monitor of air quality may be necessary if there are problems with its use.
