Translation of hikikomori: pulling inward, being confined
Features of hikikomori:
(1) adolescent or young adult, mostly male
(2) not attending school or working
(3) severe social withdrawal and isolation, including avoidance of family and friends
(4) retreated into bedroom
(5) duration >= 6 months
(6) not explained by schizophrenia or developmental disorder
Associations:
(1) smartphone or internet addiction, typically for online gaming
(2) anxiety and/or depression and/or social phobia
(3) insecurity
(4) personality disorder (avoidant, schizoid)
Kondo et al note that individuals who do not seek help are typically much worse.
