A number of beliefs may cause a person to ingest a large amount of saltpeter. This can result in a number of changes in serum chemistry tests.
Saltpeter is potassium nitrate (KNO3). It is a major component of gunpowder and may be used in processed meats and other cured foods. It is used for cooking in some parts of Africa.
Reasons for ingestion from folklore include:
(1) priapism
(2) reduction in libido with erectile dysfunction
Serum chemistry changes at presentation:
(1) elevated serum potassium
(2) variable elevation in serum carbon dioxide (false positive due to nitrate load)
(3) variable methemoglobinemia
The serum concentration of nitrate can be measured but the method is not available in most hospitals. A history of saltpeter ingestion often is sufficient to explain the abnormal test results.
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