The Irish Children's Triage System is used to triage pediatric patient coming to the Emergency Department. High-risk major trauma may involve a range of injuries and clinical findings.
Fall-related:
(1) fall from significant height (> 2 times height of child)
(2) fall onto an unyielding surface
(3) fall from a horse
(4) fall down a flight of stairs
Bicyclist or pedestrian
(1) struck by vehicle traveling > 30 km per hour
(2) cyclist thrown over the handlebars of the bike
Vehicle occupant:
(1) traveling at > 60 km per hour
(2) vehicle rollover
(3) ejected from a vehicle
(4) unrestrained
(5) death of a fellow occupant in the vehicle
Manner of injury:
(1) history of submersion
(2) penetrating injury to head, neck or torso
(3) burns > 10% of body surface area
(4) being kicked by a horse
Type of trauma:
(1) multiple trauma (fracture in >= 2 body regions, chest/abdomen/pelvis)
(2) significant injury above the clavicles including head and neck trauma
(3) spinal cord trauma
Physical findings:
(1) airway obstruction
(2) shallow breathing
(3) cyanosis
(4) shock or unexplained hypotension
(5) low Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS; <= 12 used in triage system)
(6) new neurological deficit
(7) new neurological symptoms (confusion, weakness, irritability, drowsiness)
(8) clear fluid leak from ear or nose
