The Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) has developed a clinical symptom score for a patient with a herniated lumbar disc. This can help determine the degree of improvement following surgical intervention. The association is headquartered in Tokyo.
Parameters in the score:
(1) subjective symptoms (9 points): low back pain, leg pain and/or tingling, gait
(2) clinical signs (6 points): straight-leg raising test, sensory disturbance, motor disturbance
(3) restriction in activities (14 points): turn over while lying, standing, washing, leaning forward, sitting about 1 hour, lifting or holding a heavy object, walking
(4) urinary bladder function (-6 points maximum)
Parameter |
Finding |
Points |
---|---|---|
low back pain |
none |
3 |
|
occasional mild pain |
2 |
|
frequent mild |
1 |
|
occasional severe pain |
1 |
|
frequent pain |
0 |
|
continuous pain |
0 |
leg pain and/or tingling |
none |
3 |
|
occasional slight symptoms |
2 |
|
frequent slight symptoms |
1 |
|
occasional severe symptoms |
1 |
|
frequent severe symptoms |
0 |
|
continuous severe symptoms |
0 |
gait |
normal |
3 |
|
able to walk > 500 meters although it results in pain, tingling and/or muscle weakness |
2 |
|
unable to walk > 500 meters owing to leg pain, tingling and/or muscle weakness |
1 |
|
unable to walk > 100 meters owing to leg pain, tingling and/or muscle weakness |
0 |
straight leg raising (includes a tight hamstring) |
normal (> 70°) |
2 |
|
30 to 70° |
1 |
|
< 30° |
0 |
sensory disturbance |
none |
2 |
|
slight disturbance (not subjective) |
1 |
|
marked disturbance |
0 |
motor disturbance |
normal (Grade 5) |
2 |
|
slight weakness (Grade 4) |
1 |
|
marked weakness (Grades 0 to 3) |
0 |
turn over while lying |
no restriction |
2 |
|
moderate restriction |
1 |
|
severe restriction |
0 |
standing |
no restriction |
2 |
|
moderate restriction |
1 |
|
severe restriction |
0 |
washing |
no restriction |
2 |
|
moderate restriction |
1 |
|
severe restriction |
0 |
leaning forward |
no restriction |
2 |
|
moderate restriction |
1 |
|
severe restriction |
0 |
sitting about 1 hour |
no restriction |
2 |
|
moderate restriction |
1 |
|
severe restriction |
0 |
lifting or holding a heavy object |
no restriction |
2 |
|
moderate restriction |
1 |
|
severe restriction |
0 |
walking |
no restriction |
2 |
|
moderate restriction |
1 |
|
severe restriction |
0 |
urinary bladder function |
normal |
0 |
|
mild dysuria |
-3 |
|
severe dysuria |
-6 |
where:
• I used dysfunction in the implementation for urinary bladder function.
total score =
= SUM(points for all parameters)
Interpretation:
• minimum score: -6
• maximum score: 29
• The higher the score, the more normal the patient's overall status.
postoperative improvement in percent =
= ((postoperative score) – (preoperative score)) / (29 – (preoperative score)) * 100%
Purpose: To evaluate a patient with lumbar disc hernitation using the clinical symptom score of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association.
Specialty: Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Surgery, orthopedic, Neurology
Objective: clinical diagnosis, including family history for genetics, severity, prognosis, stage, response to therapy, surgery
ICD-10: M51.2,