A neonate may be born with a limb showing evidence of a compartment syndrome.
Risk factors:
(1) prematurity
(2) oligohydramnios
(3) transverse lie
(4) maternal diabetes mellitus
(5) preterm premature rupture of the membrane (PROM)
Clinical presentation:
(1) discoloration of a distal limb
(2) swelling
(3) skin desquamation
The outcome depends on when the ischemic events occurred relative to birth and whether decompression and reversal of ischemia can be performed quickly.
Sequelae:
(1) limb length discrepancy
(2) deformity
(3) disability in limb function
(4) amputation
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