Patient selection - one or more of the following:
(1) estimated blood loss >= 2,000 mL during trauma surgery
(2) >= 1,500 mL packed RBC during resuscitation
(3) clinical diagnosis of exsanguination
Predictors for mortality:
(1) temperature < 34°C
(2) OR blood replacement > 4,000 mL
(3) total OR fluid replacement > 10,000 mL
(4) estimated blood loss > 15 mL/min
(5) pH <= 7.2
Predictors of survival in the ED:
(1) penetrating trauma
(2) spontaneous ventilation
(3) no thoracotomy in the ED
Predictors of survival in the OR:
(1) ISS <= 20
(2) spontaneous ventilation in the ED
(3) OR PRBC replacement < 4,000 mL
(4) no thoracotomy in the ED or OR
(5) absence of abdominal vascular injury
