Criteria for severe leptospirosis - one or both of the following:
(1) respiratory failure
(2) renal failure (serum creatinine >= 3 mg/L)
Factors associated with severe leptospirosis:
(1) hemoptysis
(2) thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 100,000 per µL)
(3) serum total bilirubin > 2.5 mg/dL
(4) white blood cell count > 13,000 per µL
(5) hematocrit < 30%
Factors associated with death:
(1) acute respiratory failure or respiratory rate > 24 breaths per minute
(2) hemoptysis
(3) oliguria
(4) metabolic acidosis with serum bicarbonate < 20 mmol/L
(5) thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 100,000 per µL)
