Bjornsdottir et al identified risk factors associated with cellulitis of a lower extremity. This can help identify a patient who may benefit from closer monitoring and more aggressive management. The authors are from the University of Iceland.
Risk factors associated with a high odds ratios (29 - 31):
(1) previous history of cellulitis
(2) culture of Staphylococcus aureus and/or Streptococcus pyogenes (beta-hemolytic streptococcus) from the toe webs
Risk factors associated with intermediate odds ratios (8-12):
(1) presence of leg lesions on admission (erosions, ulcers and wounds on the dorsum of foot and/or leg)
(2) history of prior saphenectomy (which may be an indicator of venous insufficiency, see risk factors of Dupuy et al below)
Risk factors associated with the lowest odds ratios (1.5-4)
(1) body mass index >= 30 kg per square meter
(2) history of chronic leg edema
(3) dermatophyte in toe webs (athlete's foot; presence of onychomycosis is associated with a decreased risk of cellulitis)
(4) dry skin
