Silanization is done using organofunctional alkoxysilane molecules. Alkoxy groups include methoxy and ethoxy groups. These groups are displaced by hydroxy groups on the glass surface, resulting in a silicon-oxygen-silicon bond with the silane molecule.
Silanization:
(1) makes a glass surface more hydrophobic
(2) reduces adherence of nucleic acid, proteins or other organic molecules that may be “sticky”
(3) reduces adherence of cells in tissue culture
(4) reduces absorption of solute to the glass surface that may interfere with an analysis or reduce recovery
The hydrophobicity of a treated surface can be tested by demonstrating that a drop of water forms a round drop.
Additional factors:
(1) The glassware must be clean prior to silanization. Use of acid solutions to clean the glass should be done using all necessary precautions.
(2) Saline solutions are corrosive and must be handled carefully.
(3) The glass must be carefully cleaned after silanization and before use. Labit et al sonicated glass in n-heptane, then distilled water and finally chloroform before drying.
(4) The treated glassware must be stored in a carefully closed container and kept dry.
(5) The treated glassware should be assigned an expiration date for use.
