Peliosis is a vascular condition with multiple, blood-filed cavities throughout the affected organ.
Peliois may rarely be limited to the spleen, or it may involve other organs (liver, kidneys, adrenal glands, intestines).
The lesions are typically asymptomatic and can be encountered as an incidental mass on imaging studies.
The primary significance of splenic peliosis is traumatic or non-traumatic rupture of a cavity result in hemoperitoneum. Severe hemorrhage can be fatal.
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