Swimmer's shoulder is a poorly defined and heterogeneous group of shoulder disorders associated with shoulder pain and disability. It may be associated with reduced endurance, poor posture and lack of core stability.
Swimmer's shoulder may include:
(1) anterior shoulder pain associated with impingement of the rotator cuff under the coracoacromial arch
(2) overuse injury to soft tissue
(3) rotator cuff injury
Contributory factors may include:
(1) scapular dyskinesis
(2) anteriorly tilted scapular position with shortened pectoralis minor muscle
(3) glenohumeral laxity and instability
(4) decreased glenohumeral internal rotation range of motion
Risk factors may include:
(1) high training volume
(2) errors in strokes
(3) continuing to swim despite the evidence of injury
