The Thoracic Air Leak Syndrome is a complication of allogeneic stem cell transplant. It is associated with a poor prognosis.
Patient selection: hematopoietic stem cell transplant
Features:
(1) associated with chronic graft vs host disease (GVHD), bronchitis obliterans or bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (BOOP)
(2) presence of extra-alveolar air (spontaneous interstitial emphysema, pneumomediastinum, and or pneumothorax)
(3) progressive dyspnea
Complications:
(1) tension pneumomediastinum
(2) invasive aspergillosis in patients treated with corticosteroids
(3) peribronchial fibrosis with or without traction bronchiectasis
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Specialty: Hematology Oncology
