The Yale Observation Scales were developed to evaluate children with fever and identify those with serious illness. It was developed at the Yale University School of Medicine.
Patient selection
(1) age <= 24 months
(2) temperature >= 38.3°C
Observation items:
(1) quality of cry
(2) reaction to parental stimulation
(3) state variation
(4) color
(5) hydration
(6) response to Social Overtures
Point Assignment |
Impairment |
1 |
none, normal |
3 |
moderate |
5 |
severe |
Observation Item |
Finding |
Points |
quality of cry |
strong with normal tone OR content and not crying |
1 |
|
whimpering OR sobbing |
3 |
|
weak OR moaning OR high pitched |
5 |
reaction to parent stimulation |
cries briefly then stops, OR content and not crying |
1 |
|
cries off and on |
3 |
|
continual crying OR hardly responds |
5 |
state variation |
if awake then stays awake, OR if asleep wakes up quickly when stimulated |
1 |
|
eyes close briefly then awake, OR if asleep wakes up after prolonged stimulation |
3 |
|
falls to sleep OR will not rouse |
5 |
color |
pink |
1 |
|
pale extremities OR acrocyanosis |
3 |
|
pale OR cyanotic OR mottled OR ashen |
5 |
hydration |
skin normal, eyes normal, AND mucous membranes moist |
1 |
|
skin normal, eyes normal, AND mouth slightly dry |
3 |
|
skin doughy or tented; AND mucus membranes dry AND/OR sunken eyes |
5 |
response (talk, smile) to Social Overtures |
smiles, OR alerts (<= 2 months) |
1 |
|
brief smile, OR alerts briefly (<= 2 months) |
3 |
|
no smile, OR face anxious, dull or expressionless, OR no alerting (<= 2 months) |
5 |
Yale observation scales score =
= SUM(points for the 6 observation items)
Interpretation:
• minimum score: 6
• maximum score: 30
• If the score is > 10, then the child is termed ill-appearing and the chance of serious illness is 40%.
• If the score is <= 10, then the child is termed well-appearing and the chance of serious illness is 2-3%.
Specialty: Pedatrics
ICD-10: ,